Division of Nanomaterials & Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials & Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
Nat Commun. 2020 Nov 3;11(1):5401. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19174-1.
Petroleum-based plastics are useful but they pose a great threat to the environment and human health. It is highly desirable yet challenging to develop sustainable structural materials with excellent mechanical and thermal properties for plastic replacement. Here, inspired by nacre's multiscale architecture, we report a simple and efficient so called "directional deforming assembly" method to manufacture high-performance structural materials with a unique combination of high strength (281 MPa), high toughness (11.5 MPa m), high stiffness (20 GPa), low coefficient of thermal expansion (7 × 10 K) and good thermal stability. Based on all-natural raw materials (cellulose nanofiber and mica microplatelet), the bioinspired structural material possesses better mechanical and thermal properties than petroleum-based plastics, making it a high-performance and eco-friendly alternative structural material to substitute plastics.
石油基塑料很有用，但它们对环境和人类健康构成了巨大威胁。开发具有优异机械和热性能的可持续结构材料来替代塑料，这是非常理想但具有挑战性的。在这里，受珍珠母层多尺度结构的启发，我们报告了一种简单而高效的所谓“定向变形组装”方法，用于制造具有高强度（281 MPa）、高韧性（11.5 MPa m）、高刚度（20 GPa）、低热膨胀系数（7×10-6 K）和良好热稳定性的高性能结构材料。基于全天然原料（纤维素纳米纤维和云母微片），这种仿生结构材料具有比石油基塑料更好的机械和热性能，是一种高性能、环保的替代塑料的结构材料。
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