Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
Rev Paul Pediatr. 2020 Oct 28;39:e2019368. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2021/39/2019368. eCollection 2020.
To investigate and compare the eating behavior and food neophobia of children and adolescents from different age groups, body mass index per age, and sex.
This was a cross-sectional study, with a convenience sample, involving 150 children and adolescents aged 3 to 13 years, of both sexes, treated at a pediatric outpatient clinic of a teaching hospital in the municipality of Uberaba-MG, Brazil. Subscales of the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) were used to evaluate eating behavior, and the Child Food Neophobia Scale (CFNS) was used to evaluate food neophobia.
Higher scores were found in the subscales "food responsiveness" (p=0.015), "enjoyment of food" (p=0.002), and "emotional overeating" (p=0.009) among older children and adolescents. Younger children had higher scores in the subscales "satiety responsiveness" (p=0.004) and "slowness in eating" (p=0.001). There was a tendency toward higher scores for "food responsiveness" (p=0.005) and "emotional overeating" (p=0.013) in participants with severe obesity. There were no differences in the scale of food neophobia. Overall, food neophobia positively correlated with lack of interest in food and negatively correlated with interest in food.
The study showed significant differences in some domains of eating behavior among children and adolescents of the sample; however, no differences were found regarding food neophobia. These results may contribute to the improvement of future interventions related to infant eating behavior and food neophobia.
调查和比较不同年龄组、按年龄计算的体重指数（BMI）和性别的儿童和青少年的饮食行为和食物恐惧症。
这是一项横断面研究，采用便利样本，共纳入 150 名年龄在 3 至 13 岁之间的儿童和青少年，为巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州乌贝拉巴市一所教学医院的儿科门诊患者。使用儿童饮食行为问卷（CEBQ）的分量表评估饮食行为，使用儿童食物恐惧症量表（CFNS）评估食物恐惧症。
在年龄较大的儿童和青少年中，“对食物的反应”（p=0.015）、“享受食物”（p=0.002）和“情绪性暴食”（p=0.009）的分量表得分较高。年龄较小的儿童在“饱腹感反应”（p=0.004）和“进食缓慢”（p=0.001）的分量表得分较高。严重肥胖的参与者在“对食物的反应”（p=0.005）和“情绪性暴食”（p=0.013）的分量表上有较高得分的趋势。食物恐惧症量表无差异。总体而言，食物恐惧症与对食物缺乏兴趣呈正相关，与对食物的兴趣呈负相关。
该研究显示，样本中儿童和青少年的某些饮食行为领域存在显著差异；然而，在食物恐惧症方面没有差异。这些结果可能有助于改善未来与婴儿饮食行为和食物恐惧症相关的干预措施。
