Paediatric Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra EPE, Coimbra, Portugal
Paediatric Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra EPE, Coimbra, Portugal.
BMJ Case Rep. 2020 Nov 3;13(11):e236308. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2020-236308.
Pneumopericardium is a rare complication of pericardiocentesis (PC), occurring as a result of either a direct pleuropericardial communication or a leaky drainage system. Pneumopericardium is often self-limiting; however, physicians should be aware of this complication as it may progress to tension pneumopericardium, which requires immediate recognition and management. PC has been associated with pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum or subcutaneous emphysema, but the association with pleural effusion has been less reported. The authors present the case of a 14-year-old healthy boy who developed post-PC pneumopericardium and pleural effusion, a rare association reported in the literature. The diagnosis of this potential life-threatening event was made using readily available complementary diagnostic methods, such as transthoracic echocardiography and chest X-ray.
心包积气是心包穿刺术（PC）的一种罕见并发症，可由直接脏层-壁层心包交通或渗漏引流系统引起。心包积气通常是自限性的；然而，医生应该意识到这种并发症，因为它可能进展为张力性心包积气，需要立即识别和处理。PC 与气胸、纵隔气肿或皮下气肿有关，但与胸腔积液的关联报道较少。作者报告了一例 14 岁健康男孩发生心包积气和胸腔积液的病例，这是文献中报道的一种罕见关联。这种潜在危及生命的事件的诊断是使用现成的补充诊断方法做出的，如经胸超声心动图和胸部 X 线。
