Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK.
Inj Prev. 2021 Oct;27(5):450-455. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2020-043986. Epub 2020 Nov 4.
To describe the epidemiology of home-related and work-related injuries, their mechanisms, inequalities and costs associated with these injuries.
A household survey was undertaken in three palikas of Makwanpur district between April and June 2019. Data were collected electronically on non-fatal injuries that occurred in the previous 3 months and fatal injuries that occurred in the previous 5 years.
17 593 individuals were surveyed from 3327 households. Injury rates were 8.0 per 1000 population for home injuries and 6.4 per 1000 for work-related injuries; 61.0% of home injuries were among women and 69.9% of work-related injuries among men. Falls were the cause of 48% home injuries, affecting 50.9% of men and 46.5% of women. Burns/scalds were higher in women than men, affecting 17.4% of women reporting home injuries. Cuts and piercings accounted for 39.8% of all work-related injuries and 36.3% were falls. Injury incidence varied by ethnic group: home injuries were highest in Brahmin (12.0 per 1000) and work-related injuries highest in Rai groups (21.0 per 1000). The total mean costs (transport and treatment) of work-related injury was US$143.3 (SD 276.7), higher than for home injuries (US$130.4, SD 347.6). The number of home (n=74, 64.9%) and work-related (n=67, 77.9%) injuries were higher in families below the poverty line than families in the next income bracket (home: n=22, 19.3%; work: n=11, 12.8%).
Home-related and work-related fall injuries are common. The inequalities in injury identified in our study by rurality, age, sex, income level and ethnic group can help target injury prevention interventions for vulnerable groups.
描述与家庭和工作相关的伤害的流行病学，包括其机制、与这些伤害相关的不平等和成本。
在 2019 年 4 月至 6 月期间，在马坎普尔区的三个帕利卡（尼泊尔的基层行政单位）进行了一项家庭调查。数据是通过电子方式收集的，包括过去 3 个月内发生的非致命伤害和过去 5 年内发生的致命伤害。
从 3327 户家庭中调查了 17993 人。家庭伤害发生率为每 1000 人 8.0 例，工作相关伤害发生率为每 1000 人 6.4 例；61.0%的家庭伤害发生在女性，69.9%的工作相关伤害发生在男性。跌倒导致 48%的家庭伤害，其中 50.9%的男性和 46.5%的女性受伤。烧伤/烫伤在女性中的发生率高于男性，占报告家庭伤害的女性的 17.4%。切割和穿刺占所有工作相关伤害的 39.8%，其中 36.3%是跌倒。伤害发生率因族裔群体而异：婆罗门的家庭伤害发生率最高（每 1000 人 12.0 例），拉伊族的工作相关伤害发生率最高（每 1000 人 21.0 例）。工作相关伤害的总平均费用（交通和治疗）为 143.3 美元（SD 276.7），高于家庭伤害（130.4 美元，SD 347.6）。家庭（74 人，64.9%）和工作相关（67 人，77.9%）伤害的人数在贫困线以下的家庭中高于下一个收入阶层的家庭（家庭：22 人，19.3%；工作：11 人，12.8%）。
与家庭和工作相关的跌倒伤害很常见。我们的研究发现，伤害在农村、年龄、性别、收入水平和族裔群体方面存在不平等，这有助于针对弱势群体确定伤害预防干预措施。
