Moradhaseli Somayeh, Ataei Pouria, Van den Broucke Stephan, Karimi Hamid
Department of Agricultural Extension & Education, College of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran.
Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain, Belgium.
J Agromedicine. 2021 Apr;26(2):231-244. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2020.1837316. Epub 2020 Nov 5.
Farm work is considered among the highest risk jobs throughout the world. Occupational health behavior is a critical factor that influences agricultural job-related injuries and diseases. Yet, while educational programs have been set up to encourage farmers to behave more safely, many of these programs do not sufficiently take into account the factors that induce farmers to exhibit risky behavior. The present study aimed to explore the factors underpinning farmers' occupational health behavior using the Health Belief Model (HBM). The study was conducted using aquestionnaire survey of 382 farmers representative of the farmers of Kermanshah province, Iran. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by apanel of experts in occupational health, and its reliability by apilot study establishing internal consistency measured by Cronbach's alpha. The results showed that four dimensions of the HBM (perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, cues to action, and perceived self-efficacy) influence farmers' occupational health behavior (FOHB), with the theoretical model accounting for 54.9% of the variance of FOHB. The findings confirm the potential of the HBM to explain FOHB and the relevance of using the theory in studying farmers' protective behaviors such as the use of chemical pesticides, protection against sunlight, protection of hearing, etc.
农业工作被认为是全世界风险最高的工作之一。职业健康行为是影响与农业工作相关的伤害和疾病的关键因素。然而，尽管已经设立了教育项目来鼓励农民采取更安全的行为，但其中许多项目并未充分考虑到促使农民表现出危险行为的因素。本研究旨在运用健康信念模型（HBM）探索农民职业健康行为的影响因素。该研究通过对382名伊朗克尔曼沙阿省农民代表进行问卷调查来开展。问卷的表面效度和内容效度由职业健康专家小组确认，其信度通过预试验来确定，该预试验通过克隆巴赫α系数建立内部一致性。结果表明，健康信念模型的四个维度（感知易感性、感知益处、行动线索和感知自我效能）影响农民的职业健康行为（FOHB），该理论模型解释了农民职业健康行为54.9%的方差。研究结果证实了健康信念模型在解释农民职业健康行为方面的潜力，以及在研究农民诸如使用化学农药、防晒、听力保护等保护行为时运用该理论的相关性。
