Ghadermarzi Hamed
Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Front Sociol. 2024 Nov 1;9:1433009. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2024.1433009. eCollection 2024.
Since the enactment of the Law of Comprehensive Structure for Social Welfare and Security in Iran, only a small fraction of its target has been accomplished and a significant part of rural women have not been covered by the social insurance service yet. A few studies have been conducted on the social insurance of rural people. However, no study has ever addressed the issue of women with a focus on the theoretical aspects of sociology science, which is the contribution of the present research. Therefore, the present research aimed to explore the barriers to rural women's participation in social insurance.
The research adopted a qualitative approach and the grounded theory method. It was conducted among the brokers of social insurance for farmers, villagers, and nomads in Iran. Data were collected through interviews.
The results showed that the barriers to women's participation in social insurance were economic (e.g., women's economic dependence on the family head), social (e.g., low social trust, low literacy and awareness of rural women, and limitations imposed by religious doctrine), cultural (e.g., limited social communications, limited use of technology, and poor insurance culture), legal (e.g., poor legal support for rural women's insurance and non-satisfaction of expectations from the fund services), and institutional (e.g., inefficient advertisement methods and poor awareness-raising measures).
自伊朗《社会福利与保障综合结构法》颁布以来，其目标仅实现了一小部分，农村妇女的很大一部分仍未被社会保险服务覆盖。针对农村人口的社会保险开展了一些研究。然而，从未有研究以社会学理论层面为重点探讨妇女问题，这正是本研究的贡献所在。因此，本研究旨在探究农村妇女参与社会保险的障碍。
本研究采用定性研究方法和扎根理论方法。研究对象为伊朗农民、村民和游牧民的社会保险经纪人。通过访谈收集数据。
结果表明，妇女参与社会保险的障碍包括经济方面（如妇女在经济上依赖户主）、社会方面（如社会信任度低、农村妇女识字率和意识低以及宗教教义的限制）、文化方面（如社会交往有限、技术使用有限以及保险文化淡薄）、法律方面（如对农村妇女保险的法律支持不足以及对基金服务的期望未得到满足）和制度方面（如广告宣传方法低效以及提高认识措施不力）。
