Research Center for Medicine and Religion, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran.
BMC Psychol. 2024 Sep 9;12(1):474. doi: 10.1186/s40359-024-01956-7.
Workforce health is one of the primary and challenging issues, especially in industrialized countries. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the ability to predict accident-proneness among Saveh Industry workers in Iran, based on an extended Health Belief Model, that included the construct of spiritual health.
This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2022 on 384 workers in Saveh, Iran. The study aimed to explore relationships between accident proneness behavior, spiritual health, and health beliefs. The accident-proneness questionnaire consisted of two parts: the first part included demographic questions, and the second part comprised 9 sections covering personality traits, workplace harmful factors, miscellaneous factors, musculoskeletal disorders, safety culture, safety attitudes, job stress, organization interest, and degree of risk-taking. The Health Belief Model included 31 questions, while spiritual health was measured with the 20-question Paloutzian and Ellison questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 software.
In terms of accident proneness, 229 (59.6%), exhibited high levels, 148 (38.5%) had medium levels, and 7 (1.8%) showed low levels of accident-proneness. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that in the first model, variables of perceived self-efficacy, vulnerability, and severity independently predicted workers accident proneness, explaining a total of 43% of variance in accident proneness behavior. In the second step, perceived self-efficacy (β = 34%), perceived sensitivity (β = 27%), spiritual health (β = 16%), and perceived severity (β = 12%) were included, respectively, which explained a total of 46% of the variance of accident-prone behavior of workers.
Given the high rate of accident proneness observed in this study, there is a critical need for policymakers and health planners to design policies aimed at mitigating the risks associated with occupational accidents. Furthermore, the findings highlight the potential of integrating spiritual health into the Health Belief Model, as a conceptual framework for planning effective intervention programs to enhance workplace safety.
劳动力健康是一个主要且具有挑战性的问题，尤其是在工业化国家。本研究的目的是评估基于扩展健康信念模型（包括精神健康结构）预测伊朗萨维赫工业工人易发生事故倾向的能力。
这是 2022 年在伊朗萨维赫进行的一项描述性分析研究，共纳入 384 名工人。研究旨在探讨易发生事故倾向行为、精神健康与健康信念之间的关系。易发生事故倾向问卷由两部分组成：第一部分包括人口统计学问题，第二部分包括 9 个部分，涵盖人格特质、工作场所有害因素、杂项因素、肌肉骨骼疾病、安全文化、安全态度、工作压力、组织利益和风险承受度。健康信念模型包括 31 个问题，而精神健康则通过 20 个问题的 Paloutzian 和 Ellison 问卷进行测量。使用 SPSS 版本 26 软件分析收集的数据。
在易发生事故倾向方面，229 人（59.6%）表现出高倾向，148 人（38.5%）表现出中倾向，7 人（1.8%）表现出低倾向。分层多元回归分析显示，在第一个模型中，感知自我效能、脆弱性和严重程度三个变量独立预测了工人的易发生事故倾向，共解释了事故倾向行为变异的 43%。在第二步中，分别纳入了感知自我效能（β=34%）、感知敏感性（β=27%）、精神健康（β=16%）和感知严重程度（β=12%），共解释了工人易发生事故倾向行为变异的 46%。
鉴于本研究中观察到的高易发生事故倾向率，政策制定者和健康规划者有必要制定政策，以减轻与职业事故相关的风险。此外，研究结果强调了将精神健康纳入健康信念模型作为规划有效干预计划以增强工作场所安全的潜在价值。
