Influenza Coordination Unit, Office of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2012 Sep;207(3 Suppl):S3-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.06.068. Epub 2012 Jul 9.
Influenza vaccination during pregnancy has been shown to decrease the risk of influenza and its complications among pregnant women and their infants up to 6 months old. To adequately assess the benefits and potential risks that are associated with the use of influenza vaccine during pregnancy, it is necessary to examine the influenza-associated complications that occur among pregnant women and their children. Pregnant women have been shown to be at increased risk for morbidity and death with influenza illness during seasonal epidemics and pandemics. Newborn infants born to mothers with influenza during pregnancy, especially mothers with severe illness, are at increased risk of adverse outcomes, such as preterm birth and low birthweight. Infants <6 months old who experience influenza virus infection have the highest rates of hospitalization and death of all children. Here we review the risks for influenza-associated complications among pregnant women and infants <6 months old.
孕期接种流感疫苗已被证明可降低孕妇及其 6 月龄以下婴儿罹患流感及相关并发症的风险。为充分评估孕期使用流感疫苗的获益与潜在风险，有必要对孕妇及其子代所发生的流感相关并发症进行评估。季节性流行和大流行期间，孕妇罹患流感相关疾病的发病率和死亡率均增加。孕妇罹患流感，尤其是重症患者，其新生儿发生早产和低出生体重等不良结局的风险增加。6 月龄以下婴儿罹患流感病毒感染后，住院率和病死率在各年龄段儿童中均最高。本文就孕妇及 6 月龄以下婴儿罹患流感相关并发症的风险进行综述。
