Office of Biodefense, Research Resources and Translational Research, Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
In Vivo Pharmacology, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA.
Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Nov 11;28(5):646-659. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.016. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
The Preclinical Working Group of Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines (ACTIV), a public-private partnership spearheaded by the National Institutes of Health, has been charged with identifying, prioritizing, and communicating SARS-CoV-2 preclinical resources. Reviewing SARS-CoV-2 animal model data facilitates standardization and harmonization and informs knowledge gaps and prioritization of limited resources. To date, mouse, hamster, ferret, guinea pig, and non-human primates have been investigated. Several species are permissive for SARS-CoV-2 replication, often exhibiting mild disease with resolution, reflecting most human COVID-19 cases. More severe disease develops in a few models, some associated with advanced age, a risk factor for human disease. This review provides a snapshot that recommends the suitability of models for testing vaccines and therapeutics, which may evolve as our understanding of COVID-19 disease biology improves. COVID-19 is a complex disease, and individual models recapitulate certain aspects of disease; therefore, the coordination and assessment of animal models is imperative.
由美国国立卫生研究院牵头的公私合作伙伴关系——加速 COVID-19 治疗干预和疫苗的临床前工作组（ACTIV），其任务是确定、优先考虑和交流 SARS-CoV-2 临床前资源。审查 SARS-CoV-2 动物模型数据有助于标准化和协调，并为知识空白和有限资源的优先级排序提供信息。迄今为止，已对小鼠、仓鼠、雪貂、豚鼠和非人类灵长类动物进行了研究。几种动物允许 SARS-CoV-2 复制，通常表现为轻度疾病并自行缓解，反映了大多数人类 COVID-19 病例。少数模型中会出现更严重的疾病，一些与人类疾病的危险因素——年龄较大有关。本综述提供了一个快照，推荐了用于测试疫苗和疗法的模型的适用性，随着我们对 COVID-19 疾病生物学的理解的提高，这些适用性可能会发生变化。COVID-19 是一种复杂的疾病，各个模型仅能再现疾病的某些方面；因此，对动物模型的协调和评估至关重要。
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