Zakaria Zaitun, Abdullah Mohamad Muhaimin, Halim Sanihah Abdul, Ghani Abdul Rahman Izaini, Idris Zamzuri, Abdullah Jafri Malin
Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Department of Neurosciences, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Malays J Med Sci. 2020 Oct;27(5):108-123. doi: 10.21315/mjms2020.27.5.11. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
A thorough examination of a comatose patient is essential given the spectrum of clinical diagnoses. The most immediate threat to patients is airway, breathing and circulation. All attending physician should employ a structured and focused approach in dealing with a comatose patient. It is important to recognise the urgent steps needed at the time to prevent further deterioration, followed by the final diagnosis of patient's neurologic status. Here we provide the essential practical guide to the neurological exam of a comatose patient that would assist to determine the aetiology, location and nature of the neurological lesion.
鉴于临床诊断的多样性，对昏迷患者进行全面检查至关重要。对患者最直接的威胁是气道、呼吸和循环。所有主治医生在处理昏迷患者时都应采用结构化且重点突出的方法。重要的是要认识到当时所需的紧急措施以防止病情进一步恶化，随后对患者的神经状态进行最终诊断。在此，我们提供昏迷患者神经检查的基本实用指南，这将有助于确定神经病变的病因、位置和性质。
