Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Warwick University, Coventry, UK.
J Appl Gerontol. 2021 Nov;40(11):1628-1636. doi: 10.1177/0733464820968712. Epub 2020 Nov 6.
Interventions supporting older adults' transition from hospital to home can address geriatric needs. Yet this evidence base is fragmented. This review describes transitional interventions that provide pre- and post-discharge support for older adults and evaluates their implementation and effectiveness in improving health and well-being.
Articles were included if they examined the extent to which transitional interventions were effective in improving health and well-being outcomes and reducing hospital readmission rates among older adults.
Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. Four types of interventions were identified: education-based (10/20); goal-oriented (4/20); exercise (4/20); and social support interventions (2/20). Education and goal-oriented interventions were effective in improving health and well-being outcomes. The impact of interventions on mitigating hospital readmissions was inconclusive. Only five studies examined implementation.
Older adults transitioning from hospital to home would benefit from tailored education and goal-oriented interventions that promote their capacity for self-care.
支持老年人从医院过渡到家庭的干预措施可以满足老年护理的需求。然而，这方面的证据基础是分散的。本综述描述了为老年人提供出院前和出院后支持的过渡性干预措施，并评估了这些干预措施在改善健康和幸福感方面的实施情况和效果。
如果过渡性干预措施在改善健康和幸福感结果以及降低老年人的住院再入院率方面有效，则纳入研究。
有 20 项研究符合纳入标准。确定了四种类型的干预措施：基于教育的（20/20）；以目标为导向的（20/20）；运动（20/20）；和社会支持干预措施（20/20）。教育和以目标为导向的干预措施在改善健康和幸福感结果方面是有效的。干预措施对减轻住院再入院的影响尚无定论。只有五项研究检查了实施情况。
从医院过渡到家庭的老年人将受益于量身定制的教育和以目标为导向的干预措施，这些措施可以提高他们的自我护理能力。
