Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2020 Dec;157:303-315. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.10.033. Epub 2020 Nov 1.
Halosulfuron methyl (HSM) is a herbicide widely used to control sedge and broad-leaved weeds during crop production, but its environmental residue may damage non-target crops. Here, proteomics and metabolomics methods were used to explore the phytotoxicity mechanisms of HSM against soybean (Glycine max Merr.). Soybean seedlings were exposed to 0.01, 0.05 and 0.5 mg/L HSM for 8 d. The HSM applications significantly reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in HSM-treated seedlings. Additionally, chlorophyll a fluorescence was seriously affected. The glutathione, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde contents, as well as antioxidant enzyme activities, significantly increased in seedlings exposed to HSM. Furthermore, five enzymes involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, aconitase, malic dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase, were inhibited to varying degrees in HSM-treated seedlings compared with controls. Proteomics results showed multiple differentially abundant proteins involved in chlorophyll synthesis, photosystem processes and chloroplast ATP synthetase were down-regulated. Metabolomics analyses revealed that metabolites involved in the TCA cycle decreased significantly. Moreover, metabolites and proteins related to reactive oxygen species detoxification accumulated. In conclusion, the phytotoxicity mechanisms of HSM against soybean mainly act by damaging the photosynthetic machinery, inhibiting chlorophyll synthesis, interrupting the TCA cycle and causing oxidative stress. These results provide new insights into the toxicity mechanisms of sulfonylurea herbicides against non-target crops.
甲磺胺嘧啶（HSM）是一种广泛用于作物生产中控制莎草和阔叶杂草的除草剂，但它在环境中的残留可能会损害非靶标作物。在这里，我们使用蛋白质组学和代谢组学方法来探索 HSM 对大豆（Glycine max Merr.）的植物毒性机制。将大豆幼苗暴露于 0.01、0.05 和 0.5mg/L 的 HSM 中 8d。HSM 的应用显著降低了 HSM 处理的幼苗中的叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量。此外，叶绿素 a 荧光严重受到影响。暴露于 HSM 的幼苗中的谷胱甘肽、过氧化氢和丙二醛含量以及抗氧化酶活性显著增加。此外，与对照相比，参与三羧酸（TCA）循环的五种酶，即α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶、异柠檬酸脱氢酶、顺乌头酸酶、苹果酸脱氢酶和琥珀酸脱氢酶，受到不同程度的抑制。蛋白质组学结果表明，参与叶绿素合成、光合作用过程和叶绿体 ATP 合酶的多个差异丰度蛋白被下调。代谢组学分析显示，TCA 循环中的代谢物显著减少。此外，与活性氧解毒相关的代谢物和蛋白质积累。总之，HSM 对大豆的植物毒性机制主要通过破坏光合作用机制、抑制叶绿素合成、中断 TCA 循环和引起氧化应激来发挥作用。这些结果为磺酰脲类除草剂对非靶标作物的毒性机制提供了新的见解。
