Psychology Department, Goldsmiths, University of London, UK.
Departments of Psychology and Computer Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Conscious Cogn. 2020 Nov;86:103038. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2020.103038. Epub 2020 Nov 3.
Magicians have developed a wide range of techniques to influence and control spectators' choices of such things as card, word, or number. These techniques are what is called forcing. The present paper develops a psychologically-based taxonomy of forcing techniques with two goals in mind. Firstly, it should help uncover the different psychological mechanisms that underlie forcing techniques. Secondly, it should facilitate knowledge transfer between magicians and psychologists. The main division present two basic categories that can be used as a way of focussing separately on (1) decision-making processes and external influences on choices, and (2) links between sense of agency over action and outcome as well as the illusion of control over this outcome. This taxonomy allows us to clearly differentiate between forces in which there is or is not a free choice, and whether this choice has an impact on the following events..
魔术师已经开发出了广泛的技术来影响和控制观众在卡片、单词或数字等方面的选择。这些技术被称为强制。本文旨在实现两个目标，提出了一种基于心理学的强制技术分类法。首先，它应该有助于揭示强制技术背后的不同心理机制。其次，它应该促进魔术师和心理学家之间的知识转移。主要的划分提出了两个基本类别，可以分别用来关注：（1）决策过程和对选择的外部影响；（2）行动和结果之间的代理权联系以及对结果的控制错觉。这种分类法使我们能够清楚地区分是否存在自由选择，以及这种选择是否对后续事件产生影响。
