Gu Zili, Da Silva Candido G, Van der Maaden Koen, Ossendorp Ferry, Cruz Luis J
Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
Tumor Immunology Group, Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
Pharmaceutics. 2020 Nov 4;12(11):1054. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111054.
Cancer immunotherapy has shown remarkable progress in recent years. Nanocarriers, such as liposomes, have favorable advantages with the potential to further improve cancer immunotherapy and even stronger immune responses by improving cell type-specific delivery and enhancing drug efficacy. Liposomes can offer solutions to common problems faced by several cancer immunotherapies, including the following: (1) Vaccination: Liposomes can improve the delivery of antigens and other stimulatory molecules to antigen-presenting cells or T cells; (2) Tumor normalization: Liposomes can deliver drugs selectively to the tumor microenvironment to overcome the immune-suppressive state; (3) Rewiring of tumor signaling: Liposomes can be used for the delivery of specific drugs to specific cell types to correct or modulate pathways to facilitate better anti-tumor immune responses; (4) Combinational therapy: Liposomes are ideal vehicles for the simultaneous delivery of drugs to be combined with other therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and phototherapy. In this review, different liposomal systems specifically developed for immunomodulation in cancer are summarized and discussed.
近年来，癌症免疫疗法已取得显著进展。纳米载体，如脂质体，具有诸多优势，有潜力通过改善细胞类型特异性递送和增强药物疗效来进一步提升癌症免疫疗法，甚至引发更强的免疫反应。脂质体可为多种癌症免疫疗法所面临的常见问题提供解决方案，包括以下方面：（1）疫苗接种：脂质体可改善抗原及其他刺激分子向抗原呈递细胞或T细胞的递送；（2）肿瘤正常化：脂质体可将药物选择性递送至肿瘤微环境，以克服免疫抑制状态；（3）肿瘤信号通路重编程：脂质体可用于向特定细胞类型递送特定药物，以纠正或调节信号通路，促进更好的抗肿瘤免疫反应；（4）联合疗法：脂质体是同时递送药物以与其他疗法（包括化疗、放疗和光疗）联合使用的理想载体。在本综述中，将总结并讨论专门为癌症免疫调节而开发的不同脂质体系统。
