Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
NC School of Science and Mathematics, Durham, NC.
Semin Perinatol. 2020 Dec;44(8):151326. doi: 10.1016/j.semperi.2020.151326. Epub 2020 Oct 12.
Suspected or proven late onset sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, urinary tract infections, and ventilator associated pneumonia occurring after the first postnatal days contribute significantly to the total antibiotic exposures in neonatal intensive care units. The variability in definitions and diagnostic criteria in these conditions lead to unnecessary antibiotic use. The length of treatment and choice of antimicrobial agents for presumed and proven episodes also vary among centers due to a lack of supportive evidence and guidelines. Implementation of robust antibiotic stewardship programs can encourage compliance with appropriate dosages and narrow-spectrum regimens.
疑似或确诊的晚发型败血症、坏死性小肠结肠炎、尿路感染和呼吸机相关性肺炎在新生儿重症监护病房的总抗生素暴露中占很大比例。这些情况下的定义和诊断标准的差异导致了不必要的抗生素使用。由于缺乏支持性证据和指南，假定和确诊病例的治疗时间和抗菌药物选择也因中心而异。实施强有力的抗生素管理计划可以鼓励遵守适当的剂量和窄谱方案。
