Department of Medicine Solna, Clinical Epidemiology Division, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
CHU Lille, Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Transport Unit, Department of Emergency Medicine, SAMU 59, Lille University Hospital, F-59000 Lille, France.
Nutrients. 2022 Sep 3;14(17):3646. doi: 10.3390/nu14173646.
While probiotics are reported to reduce the risks of neonatal morbidities, less is known about probiotics and feeding tolerance. With this retrospective cohort study, we investigate whether introduction of probiotic supplementation as the standard of care was associated with fewer neonatal morbidities and improved feeding tolerance in very preterm infants. Using the Swedish Neonatal Quality Register, 345 live-born very preterm infants (28-31 weeks' gestation), from January 2019-August 2021, in NICUs in Stockholm, Sweden, either received probiotic supplementation (, , ) (139) or no supplementation (206); they were compared regarding a primary composite outcome of death, sepsis, and/or necrotising enterocolitis and secondary outcomes: time to full enteral feeding and antibiotics use. Probiotics seemed associated with a reduced risk of the composite outcome (4.3% versus 9.2%, = 0.08). In the subgroup of 320 infants without the primary outcome, probiotics were associated with shorter time to full enteral feeding (6.6 days versus 7.2 days) and less use of antibiotics (5.2 days versus 6.1 days). Our findings suggest that probiotics improve feeding tolerance and further support that very preterm infants may benefit from probiotic supplementation.
虽然益生菌被报道可以降低新生儿发病风险，但对于益生菌和喂养耐受性的了解较少。本回顾性队列研究旨在探讨作为常规护理引入益生菌补充是否与极低出生体重儿的新生儿发病减少和喂养耐受性改善相关。利用瑞典新生儿质量登记，我们对 2019 年 1 月至 2021 年 8 月斯德哥尔摩 NICU 出生的 345 例 28-31 周龄的极低出生体重儿进行了研究，这些婴儿分为接受益生菌补充组（，，）（139 例）和未接受补充组（206 例），并对其进行死亡、败血症和/或坏死性小肠结肠炎的主要复合结局以及全肠内喂养时间和抗生素使用的次要结局进行了比较。益生菌似乎与降低复合结局的风险相关（4.3%对 9.2%，=0.08）。在无主要结局的 320 名婴儿亚组中，益生菌与更快达到全肠内喂养（6.6 天对 7.2 天）和更少使用抗生素（5.2 天对 6.1 天）相关。我们的发现表明益生菌可改善喂养耐受性，并进一步支持极低出生体重儿可能受益于益生菌补充。
