Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.
Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
J Hum Hypertens. 2021 Oct;35(10):912-920. doi: 10.1038/s41371-020-00435-x. Epub 2020 Nov 6.
This study investigated rural-urban variation in the prevalence of self-reported hypertension and its risk factors among reproductive-age women in Kenya. The 2014 nationally representative Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS) data were used in this analysis. The survey adopted a multistage, geographically clustered, and probability-based sampling approach. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the association between risk factors and self-reported hypertension. Overall, 9.38% of the women were hypertensive with higher prevalence among urban 11.61%, compared to rural women, 7.86%. Older age, obesity, having diabetes, and increased the odds of hypertension in both rural and urban areas. We also observed that the odds of hypertension differed by ethnic group. High wealth status was a significant correlate only among urban women with women from rich and richest wealth groups had 2-2.3 times higher odds of hypertension compared to the poor and poorest wealth groups. Women with diabetes had 22 times higher odds of hypertension in both in rural and urban areas compared to women without diabetes. In conclusion, our study found that an estimated 1 out of 10 Kenyan women have hypertension. We believe that this study contributes to better understanding of regional variation of hypertension prevalence and risk factors for reproductive women in Kenya. Future studies should seek to develop evidence-based hypertension prevention and management interventions that are targeted and tailored for urban and rural women in Kenya.
本研究调查了肯尼亚育龄妇女中城乡地区高血压患病率及其危险因素的差异。本分析使用了 2014 年全国代表性的肯尼亚人口与健康调查（KDHS）数据。该调查采用多阶段、地理聚类和基于概率的抽样方法。采用多变量逻辑回归评估危险因素与自我报告高血压之间的关联。总体而言，9.38%的妇女患有高血压，城市地区的患病率为 11.61%，高于农村地区的 7.86%。在城乡地区，年龄较大、肥胖、患有糖尿病均会增加高血压的发病风险。我们还观察到，高血压的发病风险因种族群体而异。高财富状况仅在城市妇女中具有显著相关性，与贫困和最贫困财富群体相比，富有和最富有财富群体的妇女患高血压的风险高 2-2.3 倍。与没有糖尿病的妇女相比，农村和城市地区患有糖尿病的妇女患高血压的风险高 22 倍。总之，我们的研究发现，肯尼亚约有十分之一的妇女患有高血压。我们相信，这项研究有助于更好地了解肯尼亚育龄妇女高血压患病率和危险因素的区域差异。未来的研究应寻求制定针对肯尼亚城乡妇女的基于证据的高血压预防和管理干预措施。
