Health Studies Department, University of South Africa Ethiopia, Regional Learning Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Health Studies Department, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
PLoS One. 2022 Mar 1;17(3):e0264679. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264679. eCollection 2022.
In association with the epidemiological, nutritional and demographic transition, many research findings showed that the number of risk factors that leads to increased prevalence of hypertension in low and middle income countries like Ethiopia is increasing. Several urban specific studies conducted in Ethiopia showed varying prevalence of hypertension. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of hypertension and to identify factors associated with hypertension in Hawassa city administration, Southern Ethiopia.
A community-based cross sectional study was carried out in Hawassa city administration in 2017. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 612 study participants. Descriptive statistics was used to describe socio-demographic, behavioral and anthropometric variables. The economic status of household, 'wealth index', was constructed by running principal component analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess factors associated with hypertension at 95%CI.
The overall prevalence of hypertension was 21.2% (95% CI: 18.1-24.7), (24.5% for urban and 14.7% for peri-urban). About two fifths of hypertension cases (42.3%) were newly diagnosed with elevated blood pressure during data collection. Age, occupation, wealth status, consuming vegetables and animal fat, usual mode of transport, body mass index (BMI), family history of hypertension and existence of diabetes were associated with presence of hypertension at 95%CI. The average diastolic blood pressure for urban was 2.18mmHg higher than that of peri-urban groups (p-0.01).
More than one fifth of study participants had hypertension and about two fifths of hypertension cases were newly diagnosed. Health communication should be strengthened focusing on identified risk factors and attention should be given to early detect and tackle the effects of hypertension in resource limited setting.
随着流行病学、营养和人口结构的转变，许多研究结果表明，在埃塞俄比亚等中低收入国家，导致高血压患病率上升的危险因素数量正在增加。埃塞俄比亚进行的几项城市特定研究显示，高血压的患病率存在差异。本研究旨在确定高血压的患病率，并确定与 Hawassa 城市行政区域高血压相关的因素，该区域位于埃塞俄比亚南部。
2017 年在 Hawassa 城市行政区域进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样技术选择了 612 名研究参与者。描述性统计用于描述社会人口统计学、行为和人体测量变量。家庭的经济状况，即“财富指数”，通过运行主成分分析构建。使用二元逻辑回归分析评估与高血压相关的因素，置信区间为 95%。
高血压的总体患病率为 21.2%（95%置信区间：18.1-24.7%），（城市为 24.5%，城市周边为 14.7%）。大约五分之二的高血压病例（42.3%）是在数据收集期间新诊断为血压升高的。年龄、职业、财富状况、食用蔬菜和动物脂肪、常用交通工具、体重指数（BMI）、高血压家族史和糖尿病的存在与高血压的存在相关，置信区间为 95%。城市的平均舒张压比城市周边组高 2.18mmHg（p-0.01）。
超过五分之一的研究参与者患有高血压，大约五分之二的高血压病例是新诊断的。应加强卫生宣传，重点关注已确定的危险因素，并应注意在资源有限的情况下尽早发现和处理高血压的影响。
