The College of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China.
J Insect Sci. 2020 Nov 1;20(6). doi: 10.1093/jisesa/ieaa124.
Quercetin is a flavonoid produced as a defense by plants. The effects of 1% quercetin on the growth and development of Bombyx mori were studied. The activities of the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), carboxy-lesterase (CarEs), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were all measured at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after quercetin exposure. The results show that quercetin induces the activities of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes. With longer exposure times, enzyme activity first increased and then decreased. The relative expressions of AMP (defensin, CecA), the Toll pathway (cactus, Spatzle, and Rel), the IMD pathway (Imd, Fadd, and Dorsal), the JAK-STAT pathway (STAT, HOP, and Pi3k60), and the Melanization gene (DDC and PAH) were analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The results indicated that long-term exposure to quercetin could inhibit the expression of immune-related pathway genes in silkworms. This suggests that it can inhibit the activities of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, thus inhibiting the immune system and affecting the growth and development, resulting in an increase in the death rate in silkworm. This study provides the novel conclusion that quercetin accumulation inhibits the immune system of silkworm and increases its death rate, a result that may promote the development and utilization of better biopesticides that avoid environmental pollution.
槲皮素是植物作为防御机制产生的一种类黄酮。研究了 1%槲皮素对家蚕生长发育的影响。在暴露于槲皮素后 24、48、72 和 96 小时，测量了超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、过氧化物酶（POD）、羧酸酯酶（CarEs）和谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GST）的酶活性。结果表明，槲皮素诱导抗氧化和解毒酶的活性。随着暴露时间的延长，酶活性先增加后减少。采用定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）分析了 AMP（防御素、CecA）、Toll 途径（cactus、Spatzle 和 Rel）、IMD 途径（Imd、Fadd 和 Dorsal）、JAK-STAT 途径（STAT、HOP 和 Pi3k60）和黑色素基因（DDC 和 PAH）的相对表达。结果表明，长期暴露于槲皮素会抑制家蚕免疫相关途径基因的表达。这表明它可以抑制抗氧化和解毒酶的活性，从而抑制免疫系统，影响生长和发育，导致家蚕死亡率增加。本研究提供了一个新的结论，即槲皮素的积累抑制了家蚕的免疫系统，增加了其死亡率，这一结果可能促进了更好的生物农药的开发和利用，避免了环境污染。
