Burton Blatt Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
J Occup Rehabil. 2020 Dec;30(4):565-574. doi: 10.1007/s10926-020-09939-2. Epub 2020 Nov 7.
Purpose This article examines the impact on veteran employment of the U.S. government's pension benefit provisions for Union soldiers following the Civil War. Methods To do so, it draws on both Union army pension records and U.S. census returns as well as information derived from the Union army samples designed by the Center for Population Economics at the University of Chicago ("CPE") and census samples from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series ("IPUMS"). Results We find that, although twentieth-century Progressive reformers contended otherwise, these nineteenth-century Americans wanted what their twenty-first-century counterparts want-work at a meaningful occupation. Conclusions Our findings evidence the complex and contradictory impact on occupational rehabilitation and employment resulting from the public-private partnerships established for Union army veterans. These partnerships were based on substantially different notions of disability needs and rights than those underlying the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 and its central accommodation principle.
目的 本文考察了美国政府在内战后为联邦士兵提供的养老金福利规定对退伍军人就业的影响。
方法 为此，本文借鉴了联邦军队养老金记录和美国人口普查数据，以及芝加哥大学人口经济学中心（“CPE”）设计的联邦军队样本和综合公共使用微观数据系列（“IPUMS”）中的人口普查样本中的信息。
结果 我们发现，尽管 20 世纪的进步改革者持相反观点，但这些 19 世纪的美国人想要的是他们 21 世纪的同行所想要的——从事有意义的职业。
结论 我们的研究结果表明，为联邦军队退伍军人建立的公私伙伴关系对职业康复和就业产生了复杂而矛盾的影响。这些伙伴关系基于与 1990 年《美国残疾人法案》及其核心适应原则所依据的残疾需求和权利的观念大不相同。
