Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, No. 23 Baiduizijia, Fuwaidajie Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China.
Psychol Res. 2021 Nov;85(8):2935-2953. doi: 10.1007/s00426-020-01442-w. Epub 2020 Nov 7.
It is widely accepted that unitization can promote familiarity-based associative recognition, but the effect of unitization on item recognition remains unclear. The goals of this study were to elaborate on how unitization affected item recognition and the neural correlates of familiarity and recollection for item recognition. In study, the participants were asked to learn related and unrelated picture pairs, and in test, they were required to distinguish single old pictures form new pictures. In experiment 1, we used R/K/N paradigm to estimate the contribution of familiarity and recollection to item recognition, the results showed that unitization could improve item recognition through increasing recollection selectively. In experiment 2, we used ERP old/new effects to estimate the neural correlates of familiarity and recollection, the results showed that unitization could improve item recognition through a selective reduction in LPC effect. Inspired by DRM paradigm, in experiment 3, we divided the new pictures into semantically related lure pictures and semantically unrelated new pictures to explore the effects of unitization on item recognition and verbatim recognition (the ability to distinguish old pictures from lure pictures). The behavioral results showed that unitization could improve item recognition, but it damaged verbatim recognition. The ERP results revealed that there were larger LPC effects in the unrelated condition than in the related condition, regardless of item or verbatim recognition. In summary, we believed that unitization could indeed improve item recognition, but it damaged verbatim recognition.
人们普遍认为单元化可以促进基于熟悉度的联想识别，但单元化对项目识别的影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是详细说明单元化如何影响项目识别以及项目识别的熟悉度和回忆的神经相关性。在研究中，要求参与者学习相关和不相关的图片对，在测试中，他们需要从新图片中区分单个旧图片。在实验 1 中，我们使用 R/K/N 范式来估计熟悉度和回忆对项目识别的贡献，结果表明单元化可以通过选择性地增加回忆来提高项目识别。在实验 2 中，我们使用 ERP 旧/新效应来估计熟悉度和回忆的神经相关性，结果表明单元化可以通过选择性地减少 LPC 效应来提高项目识别。受 DRM 范式的启发，在实验 3 中，我们将新图片分为语义相关的诱饵图片和语义不相关的新图片，以探讨单元化对项目识别和逐字识别（区分旧图片和诱饵图片的能力）的影响。行为结果表明，单元化可以提高项目识别，但会损害逐字识别。ERP 结果表明，无论进行项目识别还是逐字识别，不相关条件下的 LPC 效应都大于相关条件下的 LPC 效应。总之，我们认为单元化确实可以提高项目识别，但会损害逐字识别。
