LaMarsh Centre for Child and Youth Research, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2020 Nov 8;22(12):79. doi: 10.1007/s11920-020-01193-w.
The purpose of the current paper was to review and summarize the literature on ADHD and maltreatment over the past 10 years.
The majority of research on ADHD and exposure to maltreatment focuses on the high rates of comorbidity, including international studies from Asia, South America, North America, and Europe. Longitudinal studies showed that early exposure to maltreatment is a risk factor for ADHD symptoms later in development; however, this finding was not consistent. There were some preliminary studies on the neurological and genetic mechanisms underlying the link between ADHD and exposure to maltreatment. Finally, ADHD and exposure to maltreatment were found to have an additive effect on clinically salient outcomes (e.g., aggression, suicide attempts). Results from the review have direct clinical and future implications, including the need to understand the effect of comorbid ADHD and exposure to maltreatment in treatment studies.
本文旨在回顾和总结过去 10 年中关于注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和虐待的文献。
大多数关于 ADHD 和遭受虐待的研究都集中在两者高共病率上，包括来自亚洲、南美洲、北美洲和欧洲的国际研究。纵向研究表明，早期遭受虐待是日后发展为 ADHD 症状的一个风险因素；然而，这一发现并不一致。有一些关于 ADHD 和遭受虐待之间联系的神经和遗传机制的初步研究。最后，ADHD 和遭受虐待对临床上显著的结果（如攻击性、自杀企图）有叠加效应。该综述的结果具有直接的临床和未来意义，包括需要在治疗研究中了解 ADHD 共病和遭受虐待的影响。
