Okumura Kazuki, Takeda Tsutomu, Komori Takashi, Toritsuka Michihiro, Yamamuro Kazuhiko, Takada Ryohei, Ikehara Minobu, Kamikawa Kohei, Noriyama Yuki, Nishi Yuki, Ishida Rio, Kayashima Yoshinori, Yamauchi Takahira, Iwata Nakao, Makinodan Manabu
Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan.
Department of Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2024 Oct;78(10):580-587. doi: 10.1111/pcn.13712. Epub 2024 Jul 22.
Adverse childhood experiences are potentially traumatic events with long-lasting effects on the health and well-being of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It is important to clarify which types of long-lasting autism-related symptoms are influenced by childhood experiences to design future intervention studies. However, few studies have examined the association between childhood experiences and autistic symptoms in large samples of adults with ASD and individuals with typical development (TD). In this study, we evaluate the effects of adverse childhood experiences on multiple ASD phenotypes among both individuals with ASD and those with TD.
We combined questionnaire evaluations; Childhood Abuse and Trauma Scale, the Japanese version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient, Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale, the Japanese version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and the Japanese version of the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile.
Individuals with ASD and those with TD (n = 205 and 104, respectively) were included. There were significant correlations between the extent of adverse childhood experiences and severity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, and hypersensitivity in both participants with ASD and those with TD. By contrast, ASD core symptoms showed no significant correlation with adverse childhood experiences in either group. These results remained consistent after adjusting for age, sex, and the estimated intelligence quotient.
These findings suggest the need for a detailed disentanglement of ASD-related core and peripheral symptoms of adverse childhood experiences, which may help to appropriately set outcomes for future early interventions for the childhood experiences of individuals with ASD.
童年不良经历是潜在的创伤性事件，会对自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者的健康和幸福产生长期影响。明确童年经历会影响哪些类型的与自闭症相关的长期症状，对于设计未来的干预研究很重要。然而，很少有研究在大量成年ASD患者和发育正常（TD）个体样本中考察童年经历与自闭症症状之间的关联。在本研究中，我们评估童年不良经历对ASD患者和TD个体多种ASD表型的影响。
我们综合了问卷调查评估；童年虐待与创伤量表、自闭症谱系商数日语版、康纳斯成人注意力缺陷多动障碍评定量表、事件影响量表修订版日语版以及青少年/成人感觉概况日语版。
纳入了ASD患者和TD个体（分别为n = 205和104）。在ASD患者和TD个体中，童年不良经历的程度与注意力缺陷/多动障碍症状、创伤后应激障碍症状以及超敏反应的严重程度之间均存在显著相关性。相比之下，两组中ASD核心症状与童年不良经历均无显著相关性。在对年龄、性别和估计智商进行调整后，这些结果仍然一致。
这些发现表明需要详细区分与ASD相关的核心症状和童年不良经历的外周症状，这可能有助于为未来针对ASD个体童年经历的早期干预合理设定结果。
