Scheld W M
University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville 22908.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1987 Sep;20 Suppl A:71-85. doi: 10.1093/jac/20.suppl_a.71.
Streptococci (viridans group, Streptococcus bovis, enterococci still account for the majority of cases of infective endocarditis in the non-addict population. Experimental animal models of endocarditis have been used (primarily in rabbits) to delineate the major therapeutic principles of this disease; viz. bactericidal antimicrobial agents must be given parenterally in high dosages for prolonged period of time. Overall, there is a good correlation between results obtained by: (1) in-vitro susceptibility testing (especially killing kinetics in broth); (2) therapeutic comparisons in experimental animal models and (3) clinical trials of different antimicrobial regimens in humans with streptococcal endocarditis. This review contrasts the published results obtained in vivo with experimental animal models to those obtained with various therapeutic approaches to streptococcal endocarditis in humans. The contribution of animal models to current therapeutic recommendations in man is underscored.
链球菌（草绿色链球菌、牛链球菌、肠球菌）在非成瘾人群中仍是感染性心内膜炎的主要病因。心内膜炎的实验动物模型（主要用于兔子）已被用于阐明该疾病的主要治疗原则；即必须长期高剂量胃肠外给予杀菌性抗菌药物。总体而言，通过以下方法获得的结果之间具有良好的相关性：（1）体外药敏试验（尤其是肉汤中的杀菌动力学）；（2）实验动物模型中的治疗比较；（3）人类链球菌性心内膜炎不同抗菌方案的临床试验。本综述将在实验动物模型中获得的体内已发表结果与人类链球菌性心内膜炎各种治疗方法获得的结果进行了对比。强调了动物模型对当前人类治疗建议的贡献。
