State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and Engineering, Research Center for Nano-Preparation Technology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020 Nov 18;12(46):51249-51262. doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c15211. Epub 2020 Nov 8.
Glucose oxidase (GOx)-mediated starvation therapy has demonstrated good application prospect in cancer treatment. However, the glucose- and oxygen-depletion starvation therapy still suffers from some limitations like low therapeutic efficiency and potential side effects to normal tissues. To overcome these disadvantages, herein a novel enzymatic cascade nanoreactor (Pd@Pt-GOx/hyaluronic acid (HA)) with controllable enzymatic activities was developed for high-efficiency starving-enhanced chemodynamic cancer therapy. The Pd@Pt-GOx/HA was fabricated by covalent conjugation of GOx onto Pd@Pt nanosheets (NSs), followed by linkage with hyaluronic acid (HA). The modification of HA on Pd@Pt-GOx could block the GOx activity, catalase (CAT)-like and peroxidase (POD)-like activities of Pd@Pt, reduce the cytotoxicity to normal cells and organs, and effectively target CD44-overexpressed tumors by active targeting and passive enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. After endocytosis by tumor cells, the intracellular hyaluronidase (Hyase) could decompose the outer HA and expose Pd@Pt-GOx for the enzymatic cascade reaction. The GOx on the Pd@Pt-GOx could catalyze the oxidation of intratumoral glucose by O for cancer starvation therapy, while the O produced from the decomposition of endogenous HO by the Pd@Pt with the CAT-like activity could accelerate the O-dependent depletion of glucose by GOx. Meanwhile, the upregulated acidity and HO content in the tumor region generated by GOx catalytic oxidation of glucose dramatically facilitated the pH-responsive POD-like activity of the Pd@Pt nanozyme, which then catalyzed degradation of the HO to generate abundant highly toxic OH, thereby realizing nanozyme-mediated starving-enhanced chemodynamic cancer therapy. and results indicated that the controllable, self-activated enzymatic cascade nanoreactors exerted highly efficient anticancer effects with negligible biotoxicity.
葡萄糖氧化酶(GOx)介导的饥饿治疗在癌症治疗中显示出良好的应用前景。然而,葡萄糖和氧气耗竭的饥饿治疗仍然存在一些局限性,如治疗效率低和对正常组织的潜在副作用。为了克服这些缺点,本文开发了一种具有可控酶活性的新型酶级联纳米反应器(Pd@Pt-GOx/透明质酸(HA)),用于高效饥饿增强化学动力学癌症治疗。Pd@Pt-GOx/HA 通过将 GOx 共价偶联到 Pd@Pt 纳米片(NSs)上,然后与透明质酸(HA)连接来制备。HA 对 Pd@Pt-GOx 的修饰可以阻断 GOx 活性、Pd@Pt 的类过氧化物酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性,降低对正常细胞和器官的细胞毒性,并通过主动靶向和被动增强渗透和保留(EPR)效应有效靶向 CD44 过表达的肿瘤。肿瘤细胞内吞后,细胞内透明质酸酶(Hyase)可分解外源性 HA 并暴露出 Pd@Pt-GOx 以进行酶级联反应。Pd@Pt-GOx 上的 GOx 可通过 O 催化肿瘤内葡萄糖的氧化,进行癌症饥饿治疗,而由 CAT 样活性分解内源性 HO 产生的 O 可加速 GOx 依赖的葡萄糖耗竭。同时,GOx 催化氧化葡萄糖产生的肿瘤区域升高的酸度和 HO 含量极大地促进了 Pd@Pt 纳米酶的 pH 响应 POD 样活性,从而催化 HO 的降解生成丰富的高毒性 OH,从而实现纳米酶介导的饥饿增强化学动力学癌症治疗。 和 结果表明,可控的、自激活的酶级联纳米反应器具有高效的抗癌作用,生物毒性可忽略不计。
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