Quality of Care Unit, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed.
Physiol Meas. 2020 Nov 6;41(10):105003. doi: 10.1088/1361-6579/abbb6e.
Dynamic analysis can be used to study the changes of self-regulated biological processes driven by external stimuli. Recently, the changes of heart rate during effort tests has successfully been adjusted using a simple first-order differential equation model driven by body power expenditure. Although this approach produces valid estimates and yields pertinent indices for the analysis of such measurements, it suffers from an inability to model the saturation of the heart-rate increase at high power expenditures and the change of heart-rate equilibrium following effort.
We propose a new analysis allowing the estimation of changes of the heart rate in response to effort (gain) as a function of the power expenditure value.
When applied to the measured heart rates of 30 amateur athletes performing a maximum graded-effort treadmill test, the proposed model was able to predict 99% of the heart rate change measured during exercise. The estimated gains decreased with a power increase above the first ventilatory threshold. This trend was stronger above the second ventilatory threshold and was strongly correlated with the maximum oxygen consumption.
The proposed approach yields a highly precise model of heart rate dynamics during variable effort that reflects the changes of metabolic energy systems at play during exercise.
动态分析可用于研究受外部刺激驱动的自我调节生物过程的变化。最近，使用简单的一阶微分方程模型驱动体力消耗成功地调整了运动测试过程中心率的变化。尽管这种方法可以产生有效的估计值，并为这种测量的分析提供相关指标，但它无法模拟高体力消耗时心率增加的饱和以及运动后心率平衡的变化。
我们提出了一种新的分析方法，允许根据体力消耗值来估计心率对努力（增益）的变化。
当应用于 30 名业余运动员在最大递增负荷跑步机测试中测量的心率时，所提出的模型能够预测运动过程中测量到的 99%的心率变化。估计增益随着高于第一通气阈值的功率增加而降低。这种趋势在第二通气阈值以上更强，并且与最大耗氧量强烈相关。
所提出的方法提供了一个高度精确的变力运动中心率动力学模型，反映了运动过程中代谢能量系统的变化。
