Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario San Pedro- Centro De Investigación Biomédica De La Rioja (CIBIR), La Rioja, Spain.
Lluita Contra La Sida Foundation, Germans Trias I Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain. Centre for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia (Uvic - UCC), Catalonia, Spain.
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2021 Jun;19(6):719-731. doi: 10.1080/14787210.2021.1848546. Epub 2020 Nov 26.
: Thanks to antiretroviral therapy (ART), persons living with HIV (PLWH), have a longer life expectancy. However, immune activation and inflammation remain elevated, even after viral suppression, and contribute to morbidity and mortality in these individuals.: We review aspects related to immune activation and inflammation in PLWH, their consequences, and the potential strategies to reduce immune activation in HIV-infected individuals on ART.: When addressing a problem, it is necessary to thoroughly understand the topic. This is the main limitation faced when dealing with immune activation and inflammation in PLWH since there is no consensus on the ideal markers to evaluate immune activation or inflammation. To date, the different interventions that have addressed this problem by targeting specific mediators have not been able to significantly reduce immune activation or its consequences. Given that there is currently no curative intervention for HIV infection, more studies are necessary to understand the mechanism underlying immune activation and help to identify potential therapeutic targets that contribute to improving the life expectancy of HIV-infected individuals.
: 由于抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）的应用，HIV 感染者（PLWH）的预期寿命得以延长。然而，即使在病毒得到抑制后，免疫激活和炎症仍持续存在，这导致了这些人群的发病率和死亡率升高。: 我们回顾了与 PLWH 中的免疫激活和炎症相关的方面，包括它们的后果，以及在接受 ART 的 HIV 感染者中降低免疫激活的潜在策略。: 在解决问题时，必须彻底了解主题。这是处理 PLWH 中的免疫激活和炎症时面临的主要限制，因为目前对于评估免疫激活或炎症的理想标志物尚无共识。迄今为止，通过针对特定介质的不同干预措施来解决这个问题，但都未能显著降低免疫激活或其后果。鉴于目前尚无治愈 HIV 感染的干预措施，需要开展更多的研究来了解免疫激活的机制，并有助于确定潜在的治疗靶点，从而提高 HIV 感染者的预期寿命。
