Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1987 Oct;19(5):540-3.
Blood doping is an ergogenic procedure wherein normovolemic erythrocythemia is induced via autologous (i.e., re-infusion of athlete's own blood) or homologous (i.e., transfusion of type matched donor's blood) red blood cell (RBC) infusion (11, 27, 28, 34). The resultant hemoconcentration increases arterial oxygen concentration (Ca)2) (9, 23). During peak exercise, oxygen delivery [cardiac output (Q)xCaO2] to skeletal muscle is enhanced, improving maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and endurance capacity (9, 28, 29, 31). Such terms as blood boosting, blood packing, and induced erythrocythemia are also variously used to describe this ergogenic procedure (11, 34). It is the position of the American College of Sports Medicine that the use of blood doping as an ergogenic aid for athletic competition is unethical and unjustifiable, but that autologous RBC infusion is an acceptable procedure to induce erythrocythemia in clinically controlled conditions for the purpose of legitimate scientific inquiry.
血液兴奋剂是一种提高运动成绩的手段，通过自体（即回输运动员自身血液）或异体（即输注血型匹配的供血者血液）红细胞输注来诱发正常血容量性红细胞增多症（11, 27, 28, 34）。由此产生的血液浓缩会增加动脉血氧浓度（CaO₂）（9, 23）。在运动峰值期间，向骨骼肌的氧输送[心输出量（Q）×CaO₂]会增强，从而提高最大摄氧量（VO₂max）和耐力（9, 28, 29, 31）。血液增强、血液填充和诱导性红细胞增多症等术语也被不同地用于描述这种提高运动成绩的手段（11, 34）。美国运动医学学院的立场是，将血液兴奋剂用作体育比赛的提高运动成绩辅助手段是不道德且不合理的，但自体红细胞输注在临床可控条件下为合法科学研究目的诱发红细胞增多症是可接受的程序。
