Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
The Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
Nutrients. 2020 Nov 6;12(11):3414. doi: 10.3390/nu12113414.
Mindfulness, a practice of non-judgmental awareness of present experience, has been associated with reduced eating psychopathology and emotion-driven eating. However, it remains unclear whether mindfulness relates to diet quality. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine whether dispositional mindfulness is associated with diet quality and to explore psychological factors relating dispositional mindfulness to diet quality. Community-dwelling adults ( = 406; = 43.19, = 7.26; = 27.08, = 5.28; 52% female) completed ratings of dispositional mindfulness, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, positive affect (PA), and negative affect (NA). Dietary intake was assessed using the Block Food Frequency Questionnaire, from which the 2015 Healthy Eating Index was derived. Analyses were conducted using the "lavaan" package in R with bias-corrected bootstrapped confidence intervals (BootCI). Age, sex, race, education, and BMI were entered as covariates in all models. Higher dispositional mindfulness was associated with higher diet quality ( = 0.11, = 0.03), and this effect was mediated through lower depressive symptoms (indirect effect = 0.06, = 0.02, BootCI = 0.104-1.42, = 0.03). Dispositional mindfulness was negatively correlated with perceived stress ( = -0.31, < 0.01) and NA ( = -0.43, < 0.01), as well as positively correlated with PA ( = -0.26, < 0.01). However, these factors were unrelated to diet quality. These cross-sectional data provide initial evidence that dispositional mindfulness relates to diet quality among midlife adults, an effect that may be explained in part by less depressive symptomatology. Given that lifestyle behaviors in midlife are leading determinants of risk for cardiovascular disease and neurocognitive impairment in late life, interventions to enhance mindfulness in midlife may mitigate disease risk. Additional research assessing the impact of mindfulness interventions on diet quality are warranted.
正念，一种对当下体验不做评判的觉察，与减少进食心理病理学和情绪驱动的进食有关。然而，正念是否与饮食质量有关尚不清楚。因此，本研究的目的是检验特质正念是否与饮食质量有关，并探讨与饮食质量有关的心理因素。社区居民成年人（=406；年龄=43.19，标准差=7.26；性别=27.08，标准差=5.28；52%女性）完成了特质正念、抑郁症状、感知压力、积极情绪（PA）和消极情绪（NA）的评定。饮食摄入采用 Block 食物频率问卷进行评估，从该问卷中得出 2015 年健康饮食指数。分析使用 R 中的“lavaan”包进行，置信区间采用偏差校正的自举法（BootCI）。在所有模型中，年龄、性别、种族、教育程度和 BMI 均作为协变量。特质正念越高，饮食质量越高（=0.11，=0.03），这一效应通过降低抑郁症状来介导（间接效应=0.06，=0.02，BootCI=0.104-1.42，=0.03）。特质正念与感知压力（= -0.31，<0.01）和 NA（= -0.43，<0.01）呈负相关，与 PA（= -0.26，<0.01）呈正相关。然而，这些因素与饮食质量无关。这些横断面数据初步表明，特质正念与中年成年人的饮食质量有关，这一效应部分可能是由于抑郁症状较轻。鉴于中年时期的生活方式行为是导致晚年心血管疾病和神经认知障碍风险的主要决定因素，因此，在中年时期增强正念的干预措施可能会降低疾病风险。需要进一步研究评估正念干预对饮食质量的影响。
Zotero 插件