INCAP Research Center for the prevention of Chronic Diseases-CIIPEC, Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama -INCAP, Guatemala City, Guatemala.
Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta GA, USA.
Food Nutr Bull. 2020 Jun;41(1_suppl):S59-S68. doi: 10.1177/0379572120903222.
There has been increased interest in the hypothesis that undernutrition in early life predisposes to cardiometabolic disease risk in adulthood. The Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama Longitudinal Study is able to address one critical aspect of this field, specifically whether improvements in nutrition can prevent this increased risk.
To describe the main findings on obesity and body composition across 5 waves of field work (1988-1989, 1991-1994, 1998-1999, 2002-2004, and 2015-2017) and on cardiometabolic health across 3 waves (1998-1999, 2002-2004, and 2015-2017).
Body weight and body fat increased considerably in adulthood, especially among women with sedentary occupations. Adiposity and weight in adulthood were strongly predicted by weight gain after the first 1000 days of life. On the other hand, exposure to improved nutrition in early life reduced diabetes risk by approximately 50% but increased the risk of overweight and obesity.
Future research will aid in clarifying the underlying mechanisms that drive the opposite associations among diabetes and obesity with early-life nutrition.
人们对这一假说的兴趣日益浓厚，即生命早期的营养不良会导致成年后患心血管代谢疾病的风险增加。中美洲和巴拿马营养研究所能够解决这一领域的一个关键问题，即营养改善是否可以预防这种风险增加。
描述在 5 次实地调查（1988-1989 年、1991-1994 年、1998-1999 年、2002-2004 年和 2015-2017 年）中肥胖和身体成分方面的主要发现，以及在 3 次调查（1998-1999 年、2002-2004 年和 2015-2017 年）中关于心血管代谢健康的主要发现。
成年后体重和体脂增加了很多，尤其是从事久坐职业的女性。成年后的肥胖程度和体重与生命最初 1000 天的体重增加密切相关。另一方面，生命早期接触改善的营养可以降低约 50%的糖尿病风险，但会增加超重和肥胖的风险。
未来的研究将有助于阐明导致生命早期营养与糖尿病和肥胖之间相反关联的潜在机制。
