基于真菌蛋白的高蛋白素食饮食在老年人中与等氮杂食饮食相比支持等效的每日肌原纤维蛋白合成率：一项随机对照试验。
A mycoprotein-based high-protein vegan diet supports equivalent daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates compared with an isonitrogenous omnivorous diet in older adults: a randomised controlled trial.
机构信息
Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, ExeterEX1 2LU, UK.
Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX77555, USA.
出版信息
Br J Nutr. 2021 Sep 14;126(5):674-684. doi: 10.1017/S0007114520004481. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
Animal-derived dietary protein ingestion and physical activity stimulate myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in older adults. We determined whether a non-animal-derived diet can support daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates to the same extent as an omnivorous diet. Nineteen healthy older adults (aged 66 (sem 1) years; BMI 24 (sem 1) kg/m2; twelve males, seven females) participated in a randomised, parallel-group, controlled trial during which they consumed a 3-d isoenergetic high-protein (1·8 g/kg body mass per d) diet, where the protein was provided from predominantly (71 %) animal (OMNI; n 9; six males, three females) or exclusively vegan (VEG; n 10; six males, four females; mycoprotein providing 57 % of daily protein intake) sources. During the dietary control period, participants conducted a daily bout of unilateral resistance-type leg extension exercise. Before the dietary control period, participants ingested 400 ml of deuterated water, with 50-ml doses consumed daily thereafter. Saliva samples were collected throughout to determine body water 2H enrichments, and muscle samples were collected from rested and exercised muscle to determine daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates. Deuterated water dosing resulted in body water 2H enrichments of approximately 0·78 (sem 0·03) %. Daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates were 13 (sem 8) (P = 0·169) and 12 (sem 4) % (P = 0·016) greater in the exercised compared with rested leg (1·59 (sem 0·12) v. 1·77 (sem 0·12) and 1·76 (sem 0·14) v. 1·93 (sem 0·12) %/d) in OMNI and VEG groups, respectively. Daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates did not differ between OMNI and VEG in either rested or exercised muscle (P > 0·05). Over the course of a 3-d intervention, omnivorous- or vegan-derived dietary protein sources can support equivalent rested and exercised daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in healthy older adults consuming a high-protein diet.
动物源性膳食蛋白质摄入和身体活动刺激老年人的肌原纤维蛋白合成率。我们确定非动物源性饮食是否可以支持每天的肌原纤维蛋白合成率与杂食性饮食相同。19 名健康老年人（年龄 66（sem 1）岁；BMI 24（sem 1）kg/m2；12 名男性，7 名女性）参加了一项随机、平行组、对照试验，在此期间他们摄入了 3 天等热量高蛋白（每天 1.8 g/kg 体重）饮食，其中蛋白质主要来自（71%）动物（OMNI；n 9；6 名男性，3 名女性）或完全素食（VEG；n 10；6 名男性，4 名女性；真菌蛋白提供每日蛋白质摄入量的 57%）来源。在饮食对照期期间，参与者进行了每日一次单侧抗阻型腿部伸展运动。在饮食对照期之前，参与者摄入了 400 毫升氘化水，此后每天摄入 50 毫升剂量。收集整个唾液样本以确定身体水 2H 富集度，并从休息和运动的肌肉中采集肌肉样本以确定每日肌原纤维蛋白合成率。氘化水给药导致身体水 2H 富集度约为 0.78（sem 0.03）%。与休息腿相比，运动腿的每日肌原纤维蛋白合成率分别高出 13（sem 8）（P = 0.169）和 12（sem 4）%（P = 0.016）（1.59（sem 0.12）比 1.77（sem 0.12）和 1.76（sem 0.14）比 1.93（sem 0.12）%/d）在 OMNI 和 VEG 组中，分别。在 OMNI 和 VEG 组中，无论是在休息还是运动的肌肉中，每日肌原纤维蛋白合成率在两者之间均无差异（P>0.05）。在 3 天的干预过程中，杂食性或素食性饮食蛋白质来源可以为摄入高蛋白饮食的健康老年人提供等效的休息和运动每日肌原纤维蛋白合成率。
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