Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Roberts Center for Pediatric Research Building, Center for Autism Research, 2716 South Street, 5th Floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19146, USA.
Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Neuropsychol Rev. 2021 Mar;31(1):58-88. doi: 10.1007/s11065-020-09459-z. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
This review synthesized current literature of behavioral and cognitive studies targeting reward processing in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Positive Valence System (PVS) domain was used as an overarching framework. The objectives were to determine which component operations of reward processing may be atypical in ASD and consequently postulate a heuristic model of reward processing in ASD that could be evaluated with future research. 34 studies were identified from the Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases and included in the review using guidelines from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (also known as PRISMA guidelines). The extant literature suggested potential relationships between social symptoms of ASD and PVS sub-constructs of reward anticipation, probabilistic and reinforcement learning, reward prediction error, reward (probability), delay, and effort as well as between restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests (RRBIs) and PVS-sub constructs of initial response to reward, reward anticipation, reward (probability), delay, and effort. However, these findings are limited by a sparse and mixed literature for some sub-constructs. We put forward a developmentally informed heuristic model that posits how these component reward processes may be implicated in early ASD behaviors as well as later emerging and more intransigent symptoms. Future research is needed to comprehensively evaluate the proposed model.
这篇综述综合了目前针对自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）中奖励处理的行为和认知研究的文献。美国国立精神卫生研究所的研究领域标准（RDoC）正性情绪系统（PVS）领域被用作一个总体框架。目的是确定奖励处理的哪些组成部分操作可能在 ASD 中不典型，并因此推测 ASD 中奖励处理的启发式模型，可以用未来的研究进行评估。从 Embase、PubMed、PsycINFO 和 Web of Science 数据库中确定了 34 项研究，并根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（也称为 PRISMA 指南）的指南纳入了综述。现有文献表明，ASD 的社会症状与 PVS 亚结构之间存在潜在关系，这些亚结构包括奖励预期、概率和强化学习、奖励预测误差、奖励（概率）、延迟和努力，以及受限和重复行为和兴趣（RRBIs）与 PVS 亚结构之间存在潜在关系，包括初始奖励反应、奖励预期、奖励（概率）、延迟和努力。然而，这些发现受到一些亚结构文献稀疏和混杂的限制。我们提出了一个发展信息启发式模型，推测这些组成奖励过程如何与早期 ASD 行为以及后来出现的更顽固的症状有关。需要进一步的研究来全面评估所提出的模型。
