Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics (DAIS), Cà Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre, Venice, Italy.
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2020 Nov 23;367(21). doi: 10.1093/femsle/fnaa184.
The acquisition of a biofilm lifestyle is common in nature for microorganisms. It increases their biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and their capability to provide ecosystem services. Although diminutive communities, soil beneficial biofilms are essential for nutrient cycling, soil stabilization and direct or indirect promotion of plant development. Some biofilms represent valid biotechnological tools to deal with problems related to soil degradation, which threat food quality and the maintenance of ecosystem functions. Three genres of biofilms: rhizobacterial biofilms, fungal-bacterial biofilms and biocrusts are reviewed, and their beneficial effects on the environment outlined. Their induction by microbial inoculation represents a potential eco-friendly and sustainable approach to restore lost ecosystem functions and counteract the effects of soil erosion. Yet, some existing knowledge and methodological gaps, that will be discussed here, still hamper the optimization of this technology, and its application at its full potential.
生物膜生活方式的获得在自然界中对微生物来说很常见。它提高了它们的生物和非生物胁迫耐受性，以及提供生态系统服务的能力。尽管土壤有益生物膜是微小的群落，但它们对养分循环、土壤稳定以及直接或间接促进植物发育至关重要。一些生物膜是处理与土壤退化相关的问题的有效生物技术工具，这些问题威胁着食物质量和生态系统功能的维持。本文综述了三种生物膜：根际细菌生物膜、真菌-细菌生物膜和生物结皮，概述了它们对环境的有益影响。通过微生物接种诱导它们的形成代表了一种潜在的环保和可持续的方法，可以恢复失去的生态系统功能，抵消土壤侵蚀的影响。然而，这里将讨论的一些现有知识和方法上的差距仍然阻碍了该技术的优化及其充分发挥潜力。
