Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Brasilia, Brasilia Federal District, 70910-900, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, 96015-560, Brazil.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2021 May;75(5):823-828. doi: 10.1038/s41430-020-00799-w. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) frequently experience weight loss and changes in body composition, which negatively affect their nutritional status, lead to a poor clinical prognosis, and reduce survival rates. This study aimed to evaluate whether changes in body weight, phase angle, and standardized phase angle are associated with longer survival in cancer patients undergoing RT.
This prospective cohort study included 62 cancer patients who underwent RT between 2008 and 2009 and were followed until 2019. Anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance analysis data were assessed before and after RT. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival, and mortality risk was assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model.
Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated no significant difference in survival time after the 10-year follow-up between patients who had weight loss during RT and those with weight maintenance or weight gain during RT. Mortality risk was associated, in the adjusted multivariate analysis, with age (p = 0.023), site of treatment (p = 0.001), and weight loss during RT (p = 0.044). Every 1 kg lost increased the risk of death by 25% compared with patients who maintained or gained weight during RT. Changes in phase angle and standardized phase angle after RT were not associated with increased mortality risk.
Weight loss during RT, site of treatment, and age are associated with a higher risk of death in cancer patients after the 10-year follow-up.
背景/目的：接受放疗（RT）的癌症患者经常会出现体重减轻和身体成分变化，这会对其营养状况产生负面影响，导致不良的临床预后，并降低生存率。本研究旨在评估体重、相位角和标准化相位角的变化是否与接受 RT 的癌症患者的生存时间延长有关。
这是一项前瞻性队列研究，纳入了 62 名于 2008 年至 2009 年间接受 RT 治疗并随访至 2019 年的癌症患者。在 RT 前后评估了人体测量学和生物电阻抗分析数据。采用 Kaplan-Meier 法计算生存时间，采用 Cox 比例风险模型评估死亡率风险。
Kaplan-Meier 分析表明，在 10 年随访后，接受 RT 期间体重减轻的患者与 RT 期间体重保持或增加的患者的生存时间无显著差异。在调整后的多变量分析中，死亡率风险与年龄（p=0.023）、治疗部位（p=0.001）和 RT 期间体重减轻（p=0.044）有关。与 RT 期间体重保持或增加的患者相比，每减轻 1kg，死亡风险增加 25%。RT 后相位角和标准化相位角的变化与死亡率风险增加无关。
在接受 10 年随访后，RT 期间的体重减轻、治疗部位和年龄与癌症患者的死亡风险增加有关。
