Youssouf Bechayir M, Alfalati Bodor, Alqthmi Reem, Alqthmi Rahma, Alsehly Lina M
Internal Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU.
Cureus. 2020 Oct 10;12(10):e10873. doi: 10.7759/cureus.10873.
Background Approximately 3.5 million pilgrims perform Hajj every year. Planning for their healthcare requires knowledge of the pattern of diseases and risk factors of pilgrims who require hospitalization during the Hajj period. The aim of the current study was to evaluate common causes and risk factors of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) among pilgrims during the Hajj season. Method We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study using a data collection checklist to collect data from medical records. We included all patients who had UGIB and attended the endoscopy department of the King Abdulaziz Hospital, Mecca, in the AL-Hajj season of the Islamic years 1437-1439 (2016-2018). Results A total of 93 patients were included in the current study; of those, 65.59% were males. The mean age of the patients was 63.37 ± 12.83 years, and about one-third (29.03%) of them were Indonesian. Overall, melena with or without anemia was the most common presentation (44.09%), followed by hematemesis (34.78%), melena with hematemesis (15.05%), hematemesis with ascites (9.68%), and abdominal/epigastric pain (3.23%). The most common cause of UGIB was the presence of gastric origin (erosive gastritis/gastric ulcer/gastric tumor) with 22.58% of the patients presenting with the same. The most common factors were medications, especially non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (37.63%) and blood thinners (22.58%). Hypertension (31.18%), diabetes mellitus (DM) (29.03%), and chronic liver disease/failure (27.96%) were the most common chronic conditions in the studied population. Conclusion Medical orientation towards high-risk pilgrims prone to developing UGIB who intend to travel may help reduce the risk of developing the condition, by taking proper measurements of those groups by the medical teams, especially in those with preventable factors.
每年约有350万朝圣者进行朝觐。为他们的医疗保健制定计划需要了解朝觐期间需要住院治疗的朝圣者的疾病模式和风险因素。本研究的目的是评估朝觐季节朝圣者上消化道出血（UGIB）的常见原因和风险因素。方法：我们使用数据收集清单进行了一项回顾性横断面研究，以从医疗记录中收集数据。我们纳入了所有患有UGIB并在伊斯兰历1437 - 1439年（2016 - 2018年）朝觐季节期间前往麦加阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王医院内镜科就诊的患者。结果：本研究共纳入93例患者；其中，65.59%为男性。患者的平均年龄为63.37±12.83岁，约三分之一（29.03%）为印度尼西亚人。总体而言，有或无贫血的黑便是最常见的表现（44.09%），其次是呕血（34.78%）、黑便伴呕血（15.05%）、呕血伴腹水（9.68%）以及腹部/上腹部疼痛（3.23%）。UGIB最常见的原因是胃源性（糜烂性胃炎/胃溃疡/胃肿瘤），22.58%的患者表现为此种情况。最常见的因素是药物，尤其是非甾体类抗炎药（NSAIDs）（37.63%）和血液稀释剂（22.58%）。高血压（31.18%）、糖尿病（DM）（29.03%）和慢性肝病/肝功能衰竭（27.96%）是研究人群中最常见的慢性病。结论：对于有发展为UGIB倾向且打算出行的高危朝圣者进行医疗指导，通过医疗团队对这些人群采取适当措施，可能有助于降低发病风险，特别是对于那些具有可预防因素的人群。
