Alrufaidi Khaled Masoud, Nouh Randa Mohammed, Alkhalaf Atheer Abdulaziz, AlGhamdi Nawaf Mufarreh, Alshehri Haitham Z, Alotaibi Ahmad Mohammad, Almashaykhi Ahmed Obaid, AlGhamdi Osama Mohammed, Makhrashi Hashim Mohammed, AlGhamdi Saeed Abdulaziz, AlZahrani Ahmed Ghormallah, Mujib Sahibzada Azhar, Abd-Ellatif Eman Elsayed
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Consultant of Public Health, Field Epidemiology Training Program, MOH, Saudi Arabia.
Dialogues Health. 2023 Jan 9;2:100099. doi: 10.1016/j.dialog.2023.100099. eCollection 2023 Dec.
About 2-3 million pilgrims come to Makkah, Saudi Arabia from all countries to perform Hajj. During the Hajj season of 2019 (1440 H), the total number of pilgrims was 2,489,406, of whom 1,855,027 came from foreign countries. This study aims to investigate the prevalence, pattern, and findings of emergency health problems among pilgrims travelling through King Abdul Aziz International Airport Health Care Center (KAIA-HC) at Hajj Terminal in Jeddah during hajj season of 1440-H.
A cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of pilgrims coming for treatment at KAIA-HC, before and after Hajj between 1 Dhul Qi'dah to 29 Dhul Hijjah 1440 AH (Corresponding to 4 July to 31 August 2019 AD). The collected data included demographics, medical history, diagnoses of the emergency health problems, infections, and their findings. Data were analyzed using Epi Info 7 and SPSS 25.
About 296 (3.87%) of 7,643 pilgrims treated at KAIA-HC were emergency cases. Their average age was 43 years (Standard Deviation (SD) ±7.5); 51.3% were females; the highest (45.3%) was between 30 - 59 years age group, both males and females; the highest two nationalities were Indonesian (14.2%) and Egyptian (12.5%). Diagnoses included hypertension 59(19.9%), bronchial asthma 53 (17.9%), and 23 cases (10.5%) were suffering from hypotension. 16 (5.4%) of patients had a myocardial infarction and 10 (3.4%) had cerebrovascular accidents. In 13 cases (4.4%), a chest infection was reported. Diabetes complications (hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and diabetic ketoacidosis) were reported in 28 (9.4%) of the cases. There were 28 (9.5%) surgical diagnoses, 13 (4.4%) were cut wounds, 11 (3.7%) were bone fracture and dislocation, and 4 (1.4%) were head trauma. With regard to the findings, 82 (27.7%) were referred to hospitals; 10 (3.3%) cases required Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation, seven of whom survived. The most common referral causes were myocardial Infarction amounting 12(4.05%), followed by cerebrovascular accident 10(3.3%) and chest infection in 8 (2.7%). 13 (4.4%) of the total cases died. The most common causes of death were myocardial infarction, asthma, hypertension and hyperglycemia.
Our study emphasizes that emergency cases presented at KAIA-HC were few. Cardiovascular diseases represented the main reason for emergency cases, followed by respiratory diseases. 51% of patients were discharged without the need for a higher level of medical care.
约200 - 300万朝圣者从世界各国前往沙特阿拉伯麦加进行朝觐。在2019年（伊历1440年）朝觐季，朝圣者总数为2489406人，其中1855027人来自国外。本研究旨在调查在伊历1440年朝觐季期间，通过吉达朝觐航站楼的阿卜杜勒·阿齐兹国王国际机场医疗中心（KAIA - HC）的朝圣者中紧急健康问题的患病率、模式及发现。
通过回顾在伊历1440年（公元2019年7月4日至8月31日）朝觐前后来KAIA - HC就诊的朝圣者的病历进行横断面研究。收集的数据包括人口统计学信息（资料）、病史、紧急健康问题的诊断、感染情况及其发现。使用Epi Info 7和SPSS 25对数据进行分析。
在KAIA - HC接受治疗的7643名朝圣者中，约296人（3.87%）为紧急病例。他们的平均年龄为43岁（标准差±7.5）；51.3%为女性；最高比例（45.3%）出现在30 - 59岁年龄组，男女皆是；人数最多的两个国籍是印度尼西亚（14.2%）和埃及（12.5%）。诊断包括高血压59例（19.9%）、支气管哮喘53例（17.9%），23例（10.5%）患有低血压。16例（5.4%）患者发生心肌梗死，10例（3.4%）发生脑血管意外。13例（4.4%）报告有胸部感染。28例（9.4%）病例报告有糖尿病并发症（高血糖、低血糖和糖尿病酮症酸中毒）。有28例（9.5%）外科诊断病例，13例（4.4%）为切割伤，11例（3.7%）为骨折和脱位，4例（1.4%）为头部外伤。关于检查结果，82例（27.7%）被转诊至医院；10例（3.3%）病例需要心肺复苏，其中7例存活。最常见的转诊原因是心肌梗死，占12例（4.05%），其次是脑血管意外10例（3.3%）和胸部感染8例（2.7%）。总病例中有13例（4.4%）死亡。最常见的死亡原因是心肌梗死、哮喘、高血压和高血糖。
我们的研究强调在KAIA - HC出现的紧急病例较少。心血管疾病是紧急病例的主要原因，其次是呼吸系统疾病。51%的患者无需更高水平的医疗护理即可出院。
