College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Centre for Research on the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Centre for Research on the Ecological Security of Ports and Shipping, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2020 Nov;160:111640. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111640. Epub 2020 Oct 13.
Ballast water is a major vector of invasion by protozoans and metazoans. Bacterial invasion is less-well understood. We surveyed the bacterial diversity of ballast water from 26 container ships arriving at the Yangshan Deepwater Port, Shanghai, China during 2015-2016. We characterized the ballast microbiome using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) based on V4-V5 region of 16S rRNA genes. We simultaneously monitored physicochemical parameters of the ballast water, including temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), salinity, turbidity, total suspended solid (TSS), particulate organic carbon (POC), NO, NH, PO. Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum, comprising more than 50% of the OTUs of almost all vessels, followed by Bacteroidetes (12.08%), Actinobacteria (4.86%) Planctomycetes (3.24%) and Cyanobacteria (1.95%). The relative abundance of Cyanobacteria differed among vessels. It was negatively correlated with temperature, NO, pH, TSS, PO, and turbidity and positively correlated with NH, POC. The genus Synechococcus was the most common Cyanobacteria in our results. Escherichia coli were relatively rare; they are indicator-species of D-2 standards published by the IMO. The relative abundance of the genus Vibrio ranged from 0.003% to 24.88% among different vessels. Our results showed that HTS was able to profile the bacterial communities in ballast-waters, even when the approach was restricted by technical and other obstacles.
压载水是原生动物和后生动物入侵的主要载体。细菌入侵的情况了解较少。我们调查了 2015 年至 2016 年间抵达中国上海洋山深水港的 26 艘集装箱船的压载水中的细菌多样性。我们使用基于 16S rRNA 基因 V4-V5 区的高通量测序（HTS）来描述压载水微生物组。同时，我们监测了压载水中的理化参数，包括温度、pH 值、溶解氧（DO）、盐度、浊度、总悬浮固体（TSS）、颗粒有机碳（POC）、NO、NH、PO。变形菌门是优势门，几乎所有船只的 OTU 中超过 50%都是变形菌门，其次是拟杆菌门（12.08%）、放线菌门（4.86%）、浮霉菌门（3.24%）和蓝细菌门（1.95%）。蓝细菌的相对丰度在船只之间存在差异。它与温度、NO、pH 值、TSS、PO 和浊度呈负相关，与 NH、POC 呈正相关。聚球藻属是我们研究结果中最常见的蓝细菌。大肠杆菌相对较少；它们是 IMO 发布的 D-2 标准的指示物种。弧菌属的相对丰度在不同船只中从 0.003%到 24.88%不等。我们的结果表明，即使受到技术和其他障碍的限制，HTS 仍能够对压载水中的细菌群落进行分析。
