Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Bournemouth, Bournemouth, United Kingdom.
PeerJ. 2024 Oct 31;12:e18300. doi: 10.7717/peerj.18300. eCollection 2024.
Biological invasions are a major threat to global biodiversity, with freshwater ecosystems being among the most susceptible to the successful establishment of non-native species and their respective potential impacts. In Poland, the introduction and spreading of non-native fish has led to biodiversity loss and ecosystem homogenisation.
Our study applies the Dispersal-Origin-Status-Impact (DOSI) assessment scheme, which is a population-level specific assessment that integrates multiple factors, including dispersal mechanisms, origin, status, and impacts, providing a nuanced framework for assessing invasion risks at local and regional levels. We used this tool to evaluate the risks associated with non-native fish species across three major Polish rivers (Pilica, Bzura, and Skrwa Prawa) and to prioritise them for management actions.
Using DOSI, we assessed eight non-native species identified in the three studied rivers: seven in both Pilica and Bzura and four in Skrwa Prawa. The DOSI assessment scheme identified high variability in the ecological impacts and management priorities among the identified non-native species. Notably, species such as the Ponto-Caspian gobies exhibited higher risk levels due to their rapid spread and considerable ecological effects, contrasting with other species that demonstrated lower impact levels and, hence, received a lower priority for intervention.
The adoption of the DOSI scheme in three major rivers in Poland has provided valuable insights into the complexities of managing biological invasions, suggesting that localised, detailed assessments are crucial for effective conservation strategies and highlighting the importance of managing non-native populations locally.
生物入侵是对全球生物多样性的主要威胁，淡水生态系统最容易成功建立非本地物种及其各自的潜在影响。在波兰，非本地鱼类的引入和传播导致了生物多样性的丧失和生态系统同质化。
我们的研究应用了扩散-起源-现状-影响（DOSI）评估方案，这是一种基于种群水平的特定评估方法，综合了多种因素，包括扩散机制、起源、现状和影响，为评估本地和区域水平的入侵风险提供了一个细致的框架。我们使用这个工具来评估三个主要的波兰河流（皮利察河、布祖拉河和斯克拉瓦普拉瓦河）中与非本地鱼类相关的风险，并为管理行动确定优先级。
使用 DOSI，我们评估了在三个研究河流中发现的八种非本地物种：皮利察河和布祖拉河有七种，斯克拉瓦普拉瓦河有四种。DOSI 评估方案确定了在所识别的非本地物种中，生态影响和管理优先级存在高度的可变性。值得注意的是，如 Pontocaspian 虾虎鱼等物种由于其快速传播和相当大的生态影响，风险水平较高，而其他物种则表现出较低的影响水平，因此干预的优先级较低。
在波兰的三条主要河流中采用 DOSI 方案，为管理生物入侵的复杂性提供了有价值的见解，表明本地化、详细的评估对于有效的保护策略至关重要，并强调了在本地管理非本地种群的重要性。
