Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy & Rehabilitation, King's College London, Bessmer Road, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 9PJ, UK.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2020 Dec;40:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.027. Epub 2020 Oct 3.
Reduced physical function, incorporating exercise intolerance, physical inactivity and dependency, is a common consequence of cancer and its treatment. Most guidelines for cancer survivors suggest that physical activity and exercise should be an integral and continuous part of care for all cancer survivors. However, the full potential of exercise will be only realized with careful and considered individual prescription. Strong evidence supports the promotion of physical activity and exercise for adult cancer patients before, during, and after cancer treatment, across all cancer types, and including patients with advanced disease. Combined aerobic and resistance exercise training, targeting fitness and muscle function, may be particularly relevant in patients with cachexia and other wasting related syndromes. Evidence for the added value of providing nutritional support alongside exercise is emerging. Patient, family and professional beliefs about the value and benefits of physical activity and exercise all influence patients' attitudes and motivation to participate in programmes.
体力下降，包括运动耐受力下降、体力活动减少和依赖，是癌症及其治疗的常见后果。大多数癌症幸存者指南建议，对于所有癌症幸存者，体力活动和锻炼都应该是护理的一个组成部分和持续部分。然而，只有通过仔细和考虑周到的个体化处方，才能充分发挥锻炼的潜力。强有力的证据支持在癌症治疗前、期间和之后，在所有癌症类型中，包括晚期疾病患者中，促进成年癌症患者的体力活动和锻炼。针对健身和肌肉功能的联合有氧和阻力运动训练可能对恶病质和其他相关消耗综合征患者特别相关。提供运动锻炼同时提供营养支持的附加价值的证据正在出现。患者、家庭和专业人员对体力活动和锻炼的价值和益处的看法会影响患者参与计划的态度和积极性。
