Kinesiology, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 305 W Anne and John Glenn Ave, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA.
Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
Sports Med. 2017 Aug;47(8):1457-1465. doi: 10.1007/s40279-017-0673-7.
To date, the prevailing evidence in the field of exercise oncology supports the safety and efficacy of resistance training to attenuate many oncology treatment-related adverse effects, such as risk for cardiovascular disease, increased fatigue, and diminished physical functioning and quality of life. Moreover, findings in the extant literature supporting the benefits of exercise for survivors of and patients with cancer have resulted in the release of exercise guidelines from several international agencies. However, despite research progression and international recognition, current exercise oncology-based exercise prescriptions remain relatively basic and underdeveloped, particularly in regards to resistance training. Recent publications have called for a more precise manipulation of training variables such as volume, intensity, and frequency (i.e., periodization), given the large heterogeneity of a cancer population, to truly optimize clinically relevant patient-reported outcomes. Indeed, increased attention to integrating fundamental principles of exercise physiology into the exercise prescription process could optimize the safety and efficacy of resistance training during cancer care. The purpose of this article is to give an overview of the current state of resistance training prescription and discuss novel methods that can contribute to improving approaches to exercise prescription. We hope this article may facilitate further evaluation of best practice regarding resistance training prescription, monitoring, and modification to ultimately optimize the efficacy of integrating resistance training as a supportive care intervention for survivors or and patients with cancer.
迄今为止，运动肿瘤学领域的主流证据支持阻力训练的安全性和有效性，可减轻许多肿瘤治疗相关的不良反应，如心血管疾病风险、疲劳增加、身体机能和生活质量下降。此外，现有文献中关于运动对癌症幸存者和患者的益处的研究结果，促使几家国际机构发布了运动指南。然而，尽管研究进展和国际认可，目前基于运动肿瘤学的运动处方仍然相对基础和欠发达，尤其是在阻力训练方面。最近的出版物呼吁更精确地操纵训练变量，如容量、强度和频率（即分期），鉴于癌症患者群体的高度异质性，以真正优化临床相关的患者报告结果。事实上，更多地关注将运动生理学的基本原理整合到运动处方过程中，可以优化癌症治疗期间阻力训练的安全性和有效性。本文的目的是概述当前阻力训练处方的现状，并讨论新的方法，这些方法有助于改善运动处方的方法。我们希望本文可以促进对阻力训练处方、监测和修改的最佳实践进行进一步评估，最终优化将阻力训练作为癌症幸存者或患者的支持性护理干预措施的整合的效果。
