School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2020 Nov 13;29:e181. doi: 10.1017/S2045796020000931.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a major public health concern all over the world. Little is known about the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general population. This study aimed to assess the mental health problems and associated factors among a large sample of college students during the COVID-19 outbreak in China.
This cross-sectional and nation-wide survey of college students was conducted in China from 3 to 10 February 2020. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess psychosocial factors, COVID-19 epidemic related factors and mental health problems. Acute stress, depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured by the Chinese versions of the impact of event scale-6, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, respectively. Univariate and hierarchical logistic regression analyses were performed to examine factors associated with mental health problems.
Among 821 218 students who participated in the survey, 746 217 (90.9%) were included for the analysis. In total, 414 604 (55.6%) of the students were female. About 45% of the participants had mental health problems. The prevalence rates of probable acute stress, depressive and anxiety symptoms were 34.9%, 21.1% and 11.0%, respectively. COVID-19 epidemic factors that were associated with increased risk of mental health problems were having relatives or friends being infected (adjusted odds ratio = 1.72-2.33). Students with exposure to media coverage of the COVID-19 ≥3 h/day were 2.13 times more likely than students with media exposure <1 h/day to have acute stress symptoms. Individuals with low perceived social support were 4.84-5.98 times more likely than individuals with high perceived social support to have anxiety and depressive symptoms. In addition, senior year and prior mental health problems were also significantly associated with anxiety or/and depressive symptoms.
In this large-scale survey of college students in China, acute stress, anxiety and depressive symptoms are prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic. Multiple epidemic and psychosocial factors, such as family members being infected, massive media exposure, low social support, senior year and prior mental health problems were associated with increased risk of mental health problems. Psychosocial support and mental health services should be provided to those students at risk.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行是全世界主要的公共卫生关注点。人们对 COVID-19 大流行对普通人群心理健康的影响知之甚少。本研究旨在评估中国 COVID-19 爆发期间大量大学生的心理健康问题及其相关因素。
本研究于 2020 年 2 月 3 日至 10 日在中国进行了一项全国性的大学生横断面调查。使用自我管理问卷评估心理社会因素、COVID-19 流行相关因素和心理健康问题。使用中文版事件影响量表-6、患者健康问卷-9 和广泛性焦虑症-7 分别测量急性应激、抑郁和焦虑症状。进行单变量和分层逻辑回归分析，以检验与心理健康问题相关的因素。
在参加调查的 821218 名学生中，有 746217 名（90.9%）学生纳入分析。共有 414604 名（55.6%）学生为女性。约 45%的参与者存在心理健康问题。可能的急性应激、抑郁和焦虑症状的患病率分别为 34.9%、21.1%和 11.0%。与心理健康问题风险增加相关的 COVID-19 流行因素包括亲属或朋友感染（调整后的优势比=1.72-2.33）。每天接触 COVID-19 媒体报道≥3 小时的学生比每天接触媒体报道<1 小时的学生发生急性应激症状的可能性高 2.13 倍。感知社会支持低的个体发生焦虑和抑郁症状的可能性是感知社会支持高的个体的 4.84-5.98 倍。此外，高年级和既往心理健康问题与焦虑或/和抑郁症状显著相关。
在这项针对中国大学生的大规模调查中，COVID-19 大流行期间急性应激、焦虑和抑郁症状普遍存在。多个流行和心理社会因素，如家庭成员感染、大量媒体接触、低社会支持、高年级和既往心理健康问题与心理健康问题风险增加相关。应向有风险的学生提供心理社会支持和心理健康服务。
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