Department of Nutrition, and Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC.
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2021 Mar;121(3):458-466. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.09.039. Epub 2020 Nov 10.
The nutritional status of women in the preconception period is of paramount importance due to its role in reproduction.
Our aim was to assess overall diet quality during the preconception period and its association with infant birth weight adjusted for gestational age (GA).
This is an observational longitudinal cohort of Hispanic people living in the United States.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Data are from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos baseline (2008-2011) and second clinic examinations (2014-2017). Included are the first 497 singleton live-born infants among the 2,556 women (younger than 45 years) who attended the second visit. Field sites were located in Miami, FL; Bronx, NY; Chicago, IL; and San Diego, CA, and represent individuals with heritage from Cuba, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Puerto Rico, and Central and South America.
Diet assessment included two 24-hour recalls from baseline. The 2010 Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2010) was used to measure diet quality, with higher scores indicating better quality.
Complex survey linear regression estimated the association between HEI-2010 scores (continuous variable and categorized into tertiles) and birth-weight z score and birth weight for GA percentile.
Mean (standard deviation) age of women was 25.8 (5.2) years and 36.4% were classified as underweight or normal weight, 30.0% were overweight, and 33.6% had obesity at baseline. Mean (standard deviation) HEI-2010 score was 56.5 (13.4), and by weight classifications was 54.4 (14.1) for underweight or normal weight and 57.7 (12.8) for overweight or obesity. Median (interquartile range) birth-weight z score was 0.5 (interquartile range [IQR], -0.2 to 1.3) overall and 0.2 (IQR, -0.5 to 1.0), 0.6 (IQR, -0.2 to 1.3), and 0.5 (IQR, -0.2 to 1.4) for the first, second, and third HEI-2010 tertile, respectively. Median birth weight for GA percentile was 68.2 (IQR, 40.2 to 89.7) overall, and 56.8 (IQR, 29.6 to 85.0), 71.5 (IQR, 42.8 to 90.0), and 70.1 (IQR, 42.9 to 91.2) by HEI-2010 tertile. In adjusted models, the highest tertile of the HEI-2010 score was associated with a higher birth-weight z score and birth weight for GA percentile, and the continuous HEI-2010 score was only associated with birth weight for GA percentile. Preconception body mass index (calculated as kg/m) did not modify these associations.
Overall diet quality, as measured by the HEI-2010, in the preconception period is associated with infant birth weight adjusted for GA among US Hispanic and Latina women.
由于其在生殖中的作用，备孕期间女性的营养状况至关重要。
我们旨在评估备孕期间的总体饮食质量及其与调整胎龄（GA）的婴儿出生体重的关系。
这是一项针对居住在美国的西班牙裔人群的观察性纵向队列研究。
参与者/设置：数据来自西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究的基线（2008-2011 年）和第二次临床检查（2014-2017 年）。共纳入了 2556 名参加第二次就诊的年龄小于 45 岁的女性中的 497 名单胎活产婴儿。现场设在迈阿密、纽约州布朗克斯、伊利诺伊州芝加哥和加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥，代表了来自古巴、多米尼加共和国、墨西哥、波多黎各以及中美洲和南美洲的个人。
饮食评估包括两次从基线开始的 24 小时回顾。使用 2010 年健康饮食指数（HEI-2010）来衡量饮食质量，得分越高表示质量越好。
复杂的调查线性回归估计了 HEI-2010 评分（连续变量和分为三分位数）与出生体重 z 评分和出生体重与 GA 百分位数的关系。
女性的平均（标准差）年龄为 25.8（5.2）岁，36.4%被归类为体重不足或正常体重，30.0%超重，33.6%基线时肥胖。平均（标准差）HEI-2010 评分为 56.5（13.4），按体重分类为 54.4（14.1）体重不足或正常体重，57.7（12.8）超重或肥胖。出生体重 z 评分的中位数（四分位距）为 0.5（四分位距[IQR]，-0.2 至 1.3），0.2（IQR，-0.5 至 1.0），0.6（IQR，-0.2 至 1.3）和 0.5（IQR，-0.2 至 1.4），分别为 HEI-2010 三分位数的第一、第二和第三分位数。GA 百分位数的出生体重中位数为 68.2（IQR，40.2 至 89.7），56.8（IQR，29.6 至 85.0），71.5（IQR，42.8 至 90.0）和 70.1（IQR，42.9 至 91.2）按 HEI-2010 三分位数排列。在调整模型中，HEI-2010 评分的最高三分位数与较高的出生体重 z 评分和 GA 百分位数出生体重相关，而连续的 HEI-2010 评分仅与 GA 百分位数出生体重相关。备孕前体重指数（按 kg/m 计算）没有改变这些关联。
在美国西班牙裔和拉丁裔女性中，以 HEI-2010 衡量的备孕期间总体饮食质量与调整胎龄的婴儿出生体重有关。
