Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
J Affect Disord. 2021 Jan 15;279:585-598. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.017. Epub 2020 Oct 10.
We examined associations between family status (living with a spouse or partner and number of children) and lifetime depression.
We used data from the UK Biobank, a large prospective study of middle-aged and older adults. Lifetime depression was assessed as part of a follow-up mental health questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations between family status and depression. We included extensive adjustment for social, demographic and other potential confounders, including depression polygenic risk scores.
52,078 participants (mean age = 63.6, SD = 7.6; 52% female) were included in our analyses. Living with a spouse or partner was associated with substantially lower odds of lifetime depression (OR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.62-0.74). Compared to individuals without children, we found higher odds of lifetime depression for parents of one child (OR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.07-1.27) and parents of three (OR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.03-1.20) or four or more children (OR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.14-1.42). Amongst those not cohabiting, having any number of children was associated with higher odds of lifetime depression. Our results were consistent across age groups, the sexes, neighbourhood deprivation and genetic risk for depression. Exploratory Mendelian randomisation analyses suggested a causal effect of number of children on lifetime depression.
Our data did not allow distinguishing between non-marital and marital cohabitation. Results may not generalise to all ages or populations.
Living with a spouse or partner was strongly associated with reduced odds of depression. Having one or three or more children was associated with increased odds of depression, especially in individuals not living with a spouse or partner.
我们研究了家庭状况（与配偶或伴侣同住以及子女数量）与终身抑郁之间的关联。
我们使用了英国生物库的数据，这是一项针对中年及以上人群的大型前瞻性研究。终身抑郁作为随访心理健康问卷的一部分进行评估。我们使用逻辑回归来估计家庭状况与抑郁之间的关联。我们包括了广泛的社会、人口统计学和其他潜在混杂因素的调整，包括抑郁多基因风险评分。
我们的分析纳入了 52078 名参与者（平均年龄 63.6 岁，标准差 7.6 岁；52%为女性）。与配偶或伴侣同住与终身抑郁的几率显著降低相关（OR=0.67，95%CI 0.62-0.74）。与没有子女的人相比，我们发现有一个孩子的父母（OR=1.17，95%CI 1.07-1.27）、有三个（OR=1.11，95%CI 1.03-1.20）或四个或更多孩子的父母（OR=1.27，95%CI 1.14-1.42）患终身抑郁的几率更高。在那些不同居的人中，有任何数量的孩子与终身抑郁的几率增加相关。我们的结果在年龄组、性别、社区贫困程度和抑郁的遗传风险方面是一致的。探索性孟德尔随机化分析表明，孩子的数量与终身抑郁有因果关系。
我们的数据无法区分非婚姻和婚姻同居。结果可能不适用于所有年龄或人群。
与配偶或伴侣同住与降低抑郁几率密切相关。有一个或三个或更多孩子与抑郁几率增加相关，尤其是在没有与配偶或伴侣同住的人中。
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