英国生物银行中的心理健康——157366名参与者完成的在线调查问卷的开发、实施及结果：一项重新分析
Mental health in UK Biobank - development, implementation and results from an online questionnaire completed by 157 366 participants: a reanalysis.
作者信息
Davis Katrina A S, Coleman Jonathan R I, Adams Mark, Allen Naomi, Breen Gerome, Cullen Breda, Dickens Chris, Fox Elaine, Graham Nick, Holliday Jo, Howard Louise M, John Ann, Lee William, McCabe Rose, McIntosh Andrew, Pearsall Robert, Smith Daniel J, Sudlow Cathie, Ward Joey, Zammit Stan, Hotopf Matthew
机构信息
Researcher, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London; and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UK.
Lecturer in Statistical Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London; and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UK.
出版信息
BJPsych Open. 2020 Feb 6;6(2):e18. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2019.100.
BACKGROUND
UK Biobank is a well-characterised cohort of over 500 000 participants including genetics, environmental data and imaging. An online mental health questionnaire was designed for UK Biobank participants to expand its potential.
AIMS
Describe the development, implementation and results of this questionnaire.
METHOD
An expert working group designed the questionnaire, using established measures where possible, and consulting a patient group. Operational criteria were agreed for defining likely disorder and risk states, including lifetime depression, mania/hypomania, generalised anxiety disorder, unusual experiences and self-harm, and current post-traumatic stress and hazardous/harmful alcohol use.
RESULTS
A total of 157 366 completed online questionnaires were available by August 2017. Participants were aged 45-82 (53% were ≥65 years) and 57% women. Comparison of self-reported diagnosed mental disorder with a contemporary study shows a similar prevalence, despite respondents being of higher average socioeconomic status. Lifetime depression was a common finding, with 24% (37 434) of participants meeting criteria and current hazardous/harmful alcohol use criteria were met by 21% (32 602), whereas other criteria were met by less than 8% of the participants. There was extensive comorbidity among the syndromes. Mental disorders were associated with a high neuroticism score, adverse life events and long-term illness; addiction and bipolar affective disorder in particular were associated with measures of deprivation.
CONCLUSIONS
The UK Biobank questionnaire represents a very large mental health survey in itself, and the results presented here show high face validity, although caution is needed because of selection bias. Built into UK Biobank, these data intersect with other health data to offer unparalleled potential for crosscutting biomedical research involving mental health.
背景
英国生物银行是一个特征明确的队列，包含超过50万名参与者，有基因、环境数据及影像学资料。为英国生物银行的参与者设计了一份在线心理健康问卷，以拓展其潜力。
目的
描述该问卷的开发、实施及结果。
方法
一个专家工作组设计了问卷，尽可能采用既定的测量方法，并咨询了一个患者群体。就定义可能的疾病和风险状态达成了操作标准，包括终生抑郁、躁狂/轻躁狂、广泛性焦虑症、异常体验和自我伤害，以及当前的创伤后应激障碍和有害饮酒。
结果
截至2017年8月，共有157366份在线问卷填写完成。参与者年龄在45 - 82岁之间（53%年龄≥65岁），女性占57%。将自我报告诊断的精神障碍与一项当代研究进行比较，发现患病率相似，尽管受访者的平均社会经济地位较高。终生抑郁是常见情况，24%（37434名）参与者符合标准，21%（32602名）符合当前有害饮酒标准，而其他标准的符合率不到8%。各综合征之间存在广泛的共病情况。精神障碍与高神经质得分、不良生活事件和长期疾病相关；成瘾和双相情感障碍尤其与贫困指标相关。
结论
英国生物银行问卷本身就是一项规模非常大的心理健康调查，此处呈现的结果显示出较高的表面效度，不过由于存在选择偏倚，仍需谨慎。这些数据纳入英国生物银行后，与其他健康数据交叉，为涉及心理健康的跨领域生物医学研究提供了无与伦比的潜力。
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