Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China; Institute of Agricultural Products Processing and Nuclear Agriculture Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China.
Institute of Marine Biology and Pharmacology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Mar 1;272:115939. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115939. Epub 2020 Nov 6.
This study investigates the occurrence and distribution of microplastics in water, sediment, and crayfish samples within pond and rice-crayfish co-culture breeding modes in Jianli prefecture, China. Microplastics in environmental and biological samples were systematically extracted by CaCl solution, digested by HO and KOH, and identified by μ-FTIR. A cleansing treatment for crayfish was performed in pure water before dissection and microplastic accumulation in different tissues (gill, stomach, gut, and flesh) of non-cleansed and cleansed crayfish were compared. The average microplastic abundances were 1.3 ± 0.1-2.5 ± 0.1 particles/L, 0.03 ± 0.01-0.04 ± 0.02 particles/g, and 0.17 ± 0.07-0.92 ± 0.19 particles/individual in water, sediment, and crayfish samples, respectively. Microplastics were detected in all studied crayfish tissues, except the flesh. There were no significant differences in microplastic abundances in water (P = 0.82), sediment (P = 0.90), and crayfish (P = 0.47 for non-cleansed samples; P = 0.30 for cleansed samples) between two breeding modes despite the detection of relatively higher microplastic abundances in the samples from the pond breeding mode. Microplastic accumulation in non-cleansed crayfish stomachs and guts (0.71 ± 0.18 particles/individual) was higher (P < 0.01) than that recorded in their gills (0.13 ± 0.06 particles/individual). Moreover, microplastics present in the stomachs and guts of cleansed crayfish were significantly less abundant (P < 0.01) than in non-cleansed crayfish, although this was not observed in the gills (P = 0.99). The majority of microplastic particles in this study had fiber-like shapes, blue and transparent colors, a size smaller than 1 mm, and polymer types of PP:PE and PE. The results demonstrate that microplastics in the environment can accumulate in the internal tissues of crayfish, which may pose a potential risk to humans through food consumption without the removal of the gills, stomach, and guts. This study provides valuable information for understanding microplastic accumulation in the different tissues of crayfish and the potential risk of human exposure to microplastics from crayfish as a food supplement.
本研究调查了中国监利县池塘和稻虾共作养殖模式下水体、沉积物和小龙虾样品中微塑料的存在和分布。通过 CaCl 溶液系统提取环境和生物样品中的微塑料，用 HO 和 KOH 消化，并用 μ-FTIR 进行鉴定。在解剖前，对小龙虾进行纯水清洗处理，并比较了未经清洗和清洗后的小龙虾不同组织（鳃、胃、肠道和肉）中的微塑料积累情况。水体、沉积物和小龙虾样品中的平均微塑料丰度分别为 1.3±0.1-2.5±0.1 个/L、0.03±0.01-0.04±0.02 个/g 和 0.17±0.07-0.92±0.19 个/只。所有研究的小龙虾组织中均检测到微塑料，除了肉。尽管池塘养殖模式下的样品中检测到相对较高的微塑料丰度，但两种养殖模式下水体（P=0.82）、沉积物（P=0.90）和小龙虾（未清洗样品 P=0.47；清洗样品 P=0.30）中的微塑料丰度无显著差异。未清洗小龙虾胃和肠道中的微塑料积累量（0.71±0.18 个/只）高于鳃中的积累量（0.13±0.06 个/只）（P<0.01）。此外，清洗后的小龙虾胃和肠道中的微塑料明显少于未清洗的小龙虾（P<0.01），而鳃中的情况则不然（P=0.99）。本研究中大多数微塑料颗粒呈纤维状、蓝色透明状、尺寸小于 1mm，聚合物类型为 PP:PE 和 PE。研究结果表明，环境中的微塑料可以在小龙虾的内部组织中积累，这可能对人类通过食用未经鳃、胃和肠道去除的小龙虾而摄入微塑料造成潜在风险。本研究为了解小龙虾不同组织中微塑料的积累情况以及人类从小龙虾作为食物补充摄入微塑料的潜在风险提供了有价值的信息。
