Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Strasse 2 / C11, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
National Reference Center for Invasive Fungal Infections NRZMyk, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knoell Institute, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 11, 07745 Jena, Germany.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2020 Dec;58:153-159. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2020.10.004. Epub 2020 Nov 12.
Invasive fungal infections mainly occur in patients suffering from impaired immunity. Their associated mortality is high despite antifungal treatment. Thus, several efforts have been made to translate our knowledge on protective antifungal immunity into clinical application. Since the first attempts with transfusion of neutrophilic granulocytes, these approaches have become more refined and include administration of cytokines to booster antifungal immune responses or selective stimulation of pattern recognition receptors. Recently, novel tools that have proven effective in the treatment of cancer have offered new options for enhancing antifungal immunity. These approaches include checkpoint inhibitors as well as T-cell based therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor T-cells.
侵袭性真菌感染主要发生于免疫功能受损的患者中。尽管进行了抗真菌治疗，但其相关死亡率仍然很高。因此，人们做出了许多努力，将我们对保护性抗真菌免疫的认识转化为临床应用。自首次尝试输注嗜中性粒细胞以来，这些方法变得更加精细，包括施用细胞因子来增强抗真菌免疫反应或选择性刺激模式识别受体。最近，在癌症治疗中已被证明有效的新型工具为增强抗真菌免疫提供了新的选择。这些方法包括检查点抑制剂以及基于 T 细胞的疗法，包括嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞。
