Koç University School of Medicine Department of Physiology, Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine , Istanbul, Turkey.
Koç University School of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine , Istanbul, Turkey.
Tissue Barriers. 2021 Jan 2;9(1):1840913. doi: 10.1080/21688370.2020.1840913. Epub 2020 Nov 15.
The blood-brain barrier (BBB), a dynamic interface between blood and brain constituted mainly by endothelial cells of brain microvessels, robustly restricts the entry of potentially harmful blood-sourced substances and cells into the brain, however, many therapeutically active agents concurrently cannot gain access into the brain at effective doses in the presence of an intact barrier. On the other hand, breakdown of BBB integrity may involve in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases. Besides, certain diseases/disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, hypertension, and epilepsy are associated with varying degrees of BBB disruption. In this review, we aim to highlight the current knowledge on the cellular and molecular composition of the BBB with special emphasis on the major transport pathways across the barrier type endothelial cells. We further provide a discussion on the innovative brain drug delivery strategies in which the obstacle formed by BBB interferes with effective pharmacological treatment of neurodegenerative diseases/disorders.
血脑屏障（BBB）是血液和大脑之间的动态界面，主要由脑微血管内皮细胞构成，它能强有力地阻止潜在有害的血液来源物质和细胞进入大脑，但在完整的屏障存在的情况下，许多治疗性有效药物同时不能以有效剂量进入大脑。另一方面，BBB 完整性的破坏可能涉及各种神经退行性疾病的发病机制。此外，某些疾病/障碍，如阿尔茨海默病、高血压和癫痫，与 BBB 破坏的不同程度有关。在这篇综述中，我们旨在强调 BBB 的细胞和分子组成的现有知识，特别强调穿过屏障型内皮细胞的主要转运途径。我们还讨论了创新的脑药物输送策略，其中 BBB 形成的障碍会干扰对神经退行性疾病/障碍的有效药物治疗。
