Liu Mafeng, Huang Mi, Wang Mingshu, Zhu Dekang, Jia Renyong, Chen Shun, Zhang Ling, Pan Leichang, Cheng Anchun
Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Research Centre of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Oct 22;11:593301. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.593301. eCollection 2020.
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) systems and prokaryotic Argonaute proteins (Agos) have been shown to defend bacterial and archaeal cells against invading nucleic acids. Indeed, they are important elements for inhibiting horizontal gene transfer between bacterial and archaeal cells. The CRISPR system employs an RNA-guide complex to target invading DNA or RNA, while Agos target DNA using single stranded DNA or RNA as guides. Thus, the CRISPR and Agos systems defend against exogenous nucleic acids by different mechanisms. It is not fully understood how antagonization of these systems occurs during natural transformation, wherein exogenous DNA enters a host cell as single stranded DNA and is then integrated into the host genome. In this review, we discuss the functions and mechanisms of the CRISPR system and Agos in cellular defense against natural transformation.
成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPR）系统和原核生物的Argonaute蛋白（Agos）已被证明可保护细菌和古细菌细胞免受入侵核酸的侵害。事实上，它们是抑制细菌和古细菌细胞之间水平基因转移的重要元件。CRISPR系统利用一种RNA引导复合物靶向入侵的DNA或RNA，而Agos则使用单链DNA或RNA作为引导物来靶向DNA。因此，CRISPR和Agos系统通过不同机制抵御外源核酸。目前尚不完全清楚在自然转化过程中这些系统的拮抗作用是如何发生的，在自然转化过程中，外源DNA以单链DNA形式进入宿主细胞，然后整合到宿主基因组中。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了CRISPR系统和Agos在细胞抵御自然转化中的功能和机制。
