Sazmand Alireza, Alipoor Golnaz, Zafari Salman, Zolhavarieh Seyed Masoud, Alanazi Abdullah D, Sargison Neil D
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
Front Vet Sci. 2020 Oct 26;7:584323. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.584323. eCollection 2020.
Iranian studies have shown a high prevalence of broad spectrum anthelmintic resistance (AR) in gastrointestinal helminths of ruminants. However, there is a lack of information about levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices among livestock farmers in Iran regarding the concept of parasite control and AR. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of livestock farmers of Hamedan, Iran, regarding parasitic diseases and AR by interviewing 150 farmers using a structured questionnaire. Most of farmers had some knowledge of the clinical signs associated with helminth parasitism, but more than half were unaware of the existence of zoonotic parasites. More than half of the participants had never heard about AR, but were interested to learn about it through their veterinarians. Those who were aware of the problem considered non-prescribed anthelmintic drugs to play a role in its emergence, while several of the participants believed that "more expensive" and "foreign-branded" drugs worked best. Almost all of the farmers reported that they frequently consulted with a veterinarian about anthelmintic treatments, but very few adhered to recognized principles of responsible and sustainable drug use. About half of the participating farmers treated their sheepdogs for helminth parasites, despite the common practice of regularly feeding likely infected livestock offal. Education had a significantly positive association with farmers' knowledge, attitudes, and best practice scores, while knowledge was significantly associated with both attitudes and practices. Based on these results, we recommend that regular country-wide classes should be held to educate farmers on the evidence-based principles of sustainable helminth control and prevention of zoonotic helminth diseases.
伊朗的研究表明，反刍动物胃肠道蠕虫对广谱驱虫药的抗药性（AR）普遍存在。然而，关于伊朗养殖户对寄生虫控制和抗药性概念的知识、态度和做法，目前缺乏相关信息。本研究旨在通过使用结构化问卷对150名养殖户进行访谈，评估伊朗哈马丹养殖户对寄生虫病和抗药性的知识、态度和做法。大多数养殖户对与蠕虫寄生相关的临床症状有一定了解，但超过一半的人不知道人畜共患寄生虫的存在。超过一半的参与者从未听说过抗药性，但有兴趣通过兽医了解相关信息。那些意识到问题的人认为非处方驱虫药是导致抗药性出现的一个因素，而一些参与者认为“更昂贵”和“外国品牌”的药物效果最佳。几乎所有养殖户都表示，他们经常就驱虫治疗咨询兽医，但很少有人遵守公认的负责任和可持续用药原则。尽管普遍存在定期喂给牧羊犬可能感染寄生虫的牲畜内脏的做法，但约一半的参与养殖户仍对牧羊犬进行蠕虫寄生虫治疗。教育与养殖户的知识、态度和最佳做法得分呈显著正相关，而知识与态度和做法均显著相关。基于这些结果，我们建议应定期在全国范围内举办课程，向养殖户传授可持续控制蠕虫和预防人畜共患蠕虫病的循证原则。
