Kapo Naida, Softić Adis, Goletić Teufik, Goletić Šejla, Cvetkovikj Aleksandar, Omeragić Jasmin
University of Sarajevo-Veterinary Faculty, Zmaja od Bosne 90, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Skopje, National Veterinary and Food Institute, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia.
Pathogens. 2025 Jun 30;14(7):649. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14070649.
Anthelmintic resistance in livestock is a growing concern worldwide, with significant implications for animal health and agricultural productivity. This study explores the perceptions of veterinarians and farmers in Bosnia and Herzegovina regarding the factors contributing to anthelmintic resistance in nematodes. Data were collected through structured questionnaires completed by 106 veterinarians and 188 farmers in 2022 and 2023. The analysis focused on self-reported therapeutic practices, farm management and environmental variables. Logistic regression, including Firth's penalized approach, was used to assess associations between these perceived factors and the reported occurrence of resistance. Notably, combination anthelmintic treatments were perceived as a significant risk factor (OR > 49.3), while higher altitude was seen as potentially protective (OR = 0.10). Routine prophylactic deworming was associated with an increased likelihood of perceived resistance (OR = 173.7), whereas staying informed about newly registered products was perceived as protective (OR = 0.34). Although the findings are based on the self-reported perceptions and practices of veterinarians and farmers, they align with globally recognized trends and offer the first structured insights into factors perceived to contribute to anthelmintic resistance in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This study underscores the importance of awareness and responsible anthelmintic use and the need for improved diagnostics and ongoing education to combat anthelmintic resistance.
家畜体内的抗驱虫药问题在全球范围内日益受到关注，对动物健康和农业生产力有着重大影响。本研究探讨了波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的兽医和农民对导致线虫产生抗驱虫药现象的因素的看法。数据收集于2022年和2023年，通过106名兽医和188名农民填写的结构化问卷完成。分析重点在于自我报告的治疗方法、农场管理和环境变量。采用包括Firth惩罚法在内的逻辑回归来评估这些感知因素与报告的抗药性发生之间的关联。值得注意的是，联合使用驱虫药被视为一个重大风险因素（比值比>49.3），而海拔较高则被视为可能具有保护作用（比值比=0.10）。常规预防性驱虫与感知到的抗药性增加可能性相关（比值比=173.7），而了解新注册产品的信息则被视为具有保护作用（比值比=0.34）。尽管研究结果基于兽医和农民的自我报告的看法和做法，但它们与全球公认的趋势一致，并首次提供了关于波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那被认为导致抗驱虫药现象的因素的结构化见解。本研究强调了提高认识和负责任使用驱虫药的重要性，以及改进诊断和持续开展教育以对抗抗驱虫药现象的必要性。
